HIV and Anaesthesia Flashcards
1
Q
How do we classfiy HIV patients?
A
- Based on the CD4 count
- WHO clinical staging
2
Q
What is stage 1 HIV?
A
- asymptomatic
- generalised lymphadenopathy
3
Q
Stage 2 HIV?
A
- weight loss
- recurrent respiratory tract infections(sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsilitis)
- seborrheic dermatitis
- recurrent fungal nail infections
- herpes zoster
4
Q
Stage 3 HIV?
A
- unexplained severe weight loss
- chronic diarrhea for more than 1 month
- unexplained persistent fever(it can be intermittent or constant for a month)
- persistent oral candidiasis
- oral hairy leucoplakia
- pulmonary TB
- pneumonia, meningitis
- unexplained anaemia, neutropaenia and thrombocytopaenia
5
Q
Stage 4 HIV?
A
- HIV wasting syndrome
- recurrent severe pneumonia
- pneumocystis pneumonia
- oseophageal candidiasis
- kaposis sarcoma
- cytomegalovirus(retinits or other organ infection)
- HIV encephalopathy
- invasive cervical carcinoma
6
Q
What is the interaction between fentanyl and ritonavir?
A
-causes enzyme inhibition and induction. This lead to slower and decreased clearance o fentanyl
7
Q
What is the interaction between nevirapine and fentanyl?
A
-Fentanyl will be absorbed much faster
8
Q
What is the interaction between saquinavir and midazolam?
A
-inhibits midazolam
9
Q
What effect will neuromuscular blockers have on a patient with renal/hepatic impairment?
A
-prolonged effect of the NMB
10
Q
Will the lignocaine or other local anaesthetics have increased or decreased plasma levels and why?
A
-They will be increased due to enzyme inhibition
