HIV AND AIDS POLICY Flashcards
AIDS was first described
1979
first case of transfusion associated AIDS found in infant
1982
first case of HIV infection in PH
1984
PNAC was created
Dec 3, 1992
HIV became mandatory
1989
prevention and control of HIV
EO no 39, S. 1992
when RA 8504 came into law
Feb 13, 1998
first law intended to prevent and control spread of AIDS
RA 8504
RA NO 11166 was approved and became law
Dec 20, 2018
RA NO 11166 was approved
Dec 30, 2018
retrovirus that infects cells
HIV
health condition wherein deficieny makes individual susceptible to opportunistic infection
AIDS
diseases caused by various organisms
opportunistic infection
transfer of HIV from one infected person to uninfected individual
HIV transmission
choices and behaviors adopted to reduce and minimize risk oof HIV transmission
Safe Sex practice
agency attached to DOH that primarily tasked to ensure implementation of country’s response to HIV
PNAC Philippine National AIDS Council
office, premises, work site
workplace
groups suffering from vulnerabilities
vulnerable communities
groups/ person who have higher risk of HIV exposure
key affected populations
any agent or device used to prevent transmission
prophylactic
Composition of PNAC (15)
DOH
DEPED
DILG
DSWD
DBM
CSC
CHED
NYC
PIA
DOLE
Chairperson of Committee on Health and Demography
Chairperson of COmmittee on Health of House of Representatives
2 Representatives from organization of person living with HIV & AIDS
1 Representative from Private organizations
6 Representative from NGOs working for welfare and key population
permanent chairperson of PNAC
Secretary of Health
mere liberality / generosity
gratitious / simple donation
burdened with charges
Onerous Donation
2 Types of Consent / Waiver
Express Waiver
Implied Waver
written consent
express waiver
indirectly given by reason of operation of law
implied waiver
voluntary agreement of person
informed consent
concept enshrined in Article 5 recognizing the developmental changes and corresponding progress in cognitive abilities undergone by children as they grow up
Evolving Capacities of Child
refers to minor who is atleast 15 yrs old but less than 18 yrs old
child
refers to legal principle that recognizes the capacity of some minors to consent independently
mature minor doctrine
refers to person’s involvement in certain activities that increase the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV
High risk behavior
refers to any facilities based that are conducted to determine the presence/absence of HIV
HIV testing
refers to absence of HIV or HIV antibodies
HIV negative
refers to presence of HIV infection as confirmed by HIV test
HIV positive
refers to testing done that willingly submits to such test
Voluntary HIV testing
test is imposed upon individual without consent, requiring the test
Compulsory HIV testing
refers to initial serologic tests performed to determine presence of antibodies
screening test
refers to test perfomed on samples reactive to the screening test to ensure that the results are true positive
confirmatory test
refers to interpersonal and dynamic communication process between client and trained counselor
HIV counseling
2 phases of HIV counseling
Pre-test counseling
Post-test counseling
refers to process of providing an individual with information and emotional support
pre-test counseling
refers to process of providinf risk-reduction information and emotional support
post-test counseling
refers to treatment that stops or suppresses the replication of retroviruses such as HIV
anti-retroviral therapy
refer to private and public hospitals accredited by DOH to provide treatment
Treatment hub
use of prescription drugs as a strategy for the prevention of HIV infection by people who do not have HIV and AIDS
pre-exposure prophylaxis
refers to a preventive medical treatment after exposure to a pathogen
post-exposure prophylaxis
refers to core duty of medical practice where information provided is kept private
medical confidentiality
refers to process by which index client is given support in order to notify and advice partners who have been exposed to infection
Partner notification
refers to unfair or unjust treatment
discrimination
refers to the way a person communicates gender identity
gender expression
refers to personal sense of identity
gender identity
refers to direction of emotional and sexual attraction towards people
sexual orientation
refers to dynamic devaluation and dehumanization of individual
Stigma
refers to any severe or repeated use by one or more person
bullying
constant threat in the global public health setting.
- first recorded case in the UB in the ’80s
- had a constant trend of increase in many parts of the world.
- due to an alarming increase in the Phils., DOH provides programs
for public awareness and screening tests to stop the rise of new
cases every day.
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
(HIV)
HIV is a single-stranded, enveloped
RNA virus that belongs to a
family of viruses called
Retroviruses
HIV is an obligate intracellular
parasite that infects a specific
type of cell called
CD4 cell or
T-helper cell
ENZYMES THAT INFECT THE CELLS IN
THE BODY
Reverse transcriptase
Integrase
Protease
used for the virus transcription
of RNA to DNA inside the cell.
Reverse transcriptase
an enzyme the virus utilizes to penetrate the
target cells in the body
Integrase
responsible for the maturation of the virus
inside the target cells
Protease
glycoproteins located in the
surface of the viral wall and are responsible for
point attachment to target cells
- gp 120 and gp 41 -
HIV Modes of Transmissions
Blood and Blood Products
Mother-Child transmission
Sexual Transmission
Sharing of needles
4 body fluids
vaginal discharge
breastmilk
semen
blood
How one can get HIV
Exit
Survive
Sufficient
Entry
How HIV can be prevented
be faithful
abstinence
Correct and consistent use of condoms
education
dont use drugs
Information must be disseminated and learned
definition of HIV and AIDS
causes and modes of transmission
consequences of infection
means of prevention
who should receive the results
- person who was tested
- parent / legal guardian of a minor who was tested
- ;egal guardian of insane person
- person authorized to receive results for national AIDS registry
- justice of court of appeals or supreme court in cases
