HIV/AIDS PHARM

Question 1

antiretrovirals (ART)

Answer 1

always in combo
all PO, except fusion inhibitor (enfurvitide)

1. nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
2. non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)
3. integrase inhibitor
4. protease inhibitor
5. fusion inhibitor
6. CCR5 antagonist

Question 2

zidovudine

Answer 2

nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

inhibit reverse transcriptase: suppress viral DNA synthesis

*decreases viral load
*delays onset of AIDS
*reduces symptom severity

Question 3

efavirenz

Answer 3

non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitory (NNRTI)

inhibit reverse transcriptase: works directly against enzyme activity so it cannot function

*drug interactions: inhibits/induces CYP450
*take at bedtime on empty stomach

Question 4

raltegravir

Answer 4

integrase inhibitor
(stops viral DNA from being inserted into host cells)

drug interactions:
*metabolized by an enzyme known as UGT –> caution with UGT inhibitors/inducers

Question 5

lopinavir/ritonavir

Answer 5

protease inhibitor
(stops the release of HIV particles)

*lopinavir: active component
*ritonavir: booster
^ improves ritonavir by inhibiting CYP450 enzyme

*drug reactions: CYP450 system
STOP if rash develops!

Question 6

enfuvirtide

Answer 6

fusion inhibitor

SQ!!!! 2x/day

blocks HIV from entered CD4 T cells

*no drug interactions!

Question 7

CCR5 antagonist

Answer 7

maraviroc

blocks HIV from entering CD4 cells
*only affects on certain HIV strands –> must have blood test to prove they have strand

*drug interactions: CYP450 system

Question 8

zidovudine

Answer 8

NRTI

Question 9

efavirenz

Answer 9

NNRTI

Question 10

raltegravir

Answer 10

integrase inhibitor

Question 11

lopinavir/ritonavir

Answer 11

protease inhibitor

Question 12

enfuvirtide

Answer 12

fusion inhibitor

Question 13

maraviroc

Answer 13

CCR5 antagonist