HIV/AIDS - Dr. Lawrence (1st 7 slides)

Question 1

Why has there been such a decline in perinatally transmitted HIV?

Answer 1

The use of ZDV and other HAART treatments. Significant decreases have been noted since 2001

Question 2

What are the chances a mother will pass on HIV to her baby if she does not have any type of therapy?

Answer 2

24/100

Question 3

0/1000 represents the chances of what?

Answer 3

Represents if the infant is Elisa Ab negative after 12 months of age

Question 4

What are the rates for transmission intrauterine and at the time of delivery?

Answer 4

1/3 of the cases are transmitted intrauterine and during no specific time during pregnancy.
The other 2/3 are transmitted at the time of delivery.

Question 5

How does postnatal transmission occur?

Answer 5

occurs primarily during breastfeeding

Question 6

What are the national recommendations for HIV testing and pregnant women? (Prenatal, rescreeen, labor & delivery, postnatal)

Answer 6

Prenatal: routine HIV screening for all pregnant women using the “OPT-OUT” approach.
Rescreen “high risk” pregnancies in the 3rd trimester
L &D: routine rapid testing for women whose HIV status is unknown in the 3rd trimester
Postnatal: rapid testing for all infants whose mother’s HIV status is unknown

Question 7

What does the data suggest about the transmission rate with HAART for all HIV pregnant women?

Answer 7

Suggests that the rate could be lowered to less than 1% with effective HAART

Question 8

How much does elective C-section decrease the likelihood of vertical transmission?

Answer 8

By 50% compared with other models of delivery