HIV & AIDS Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
.
2
Q
Epidemiology
A
.
3
Q
Pathophysiology
A
HIV destroys the immune system by attacking T-Cells with CD4 receptors
4
Q
Etiology/Risk Factors
A
Sexual Transmission
IV Drug Misuse
Vertical Transmission
5
Q
Presentation
A
Stage 1
- Asymptomatic
- Persistant generlised lymphadenopathy
Stage 2
- Wight loss
- Minor mucoscutaneious infections
- Recurrant RTIs
Stage 3
- More weight loss
- Unexplained chronic diarrhoea
- Prolonged Fever
- Oral candidiasis
- Oral hairy leukoplakia (Epstine-Barr Virus)
- Pulmonary TB
- Sever Bacterial Infections
Stage 4
- HIV wasting syndrome
- Toxoplasmosis of the brain
- Herpes simplex virus
- Progressive multifocal lukeoncephalopathy
- Cryptosporidiosis
6
Q
Lab Work Up
A
Normal CD4 = >500
AIDs diagnosis = CD4 <200
7
Q
Imagining
A
.
8
Q
Complications
A
Infections
Tumours (B-cell lymphomas)
9
Q
Differential Diagnosis
A
.
10
Q
Treatment
A
Should start immediately after diagnosis, the combination of drugs is best
Delay start if:
Certain sever infections such as cryptococcal meningitis (reconstitution treatment)
Pregnant women (start 3rd trimester, transmission happens at delivery)
Antiretroviral Therapy:
- Reverse transcriptase (Inhibit vRNA into DNA)
- Integrase Inhibitor (Inhibit vDNA into host genome)
- Protease Inhibitors (Inhibit maturation of vDNA)
11
Q
Prognosis
A
.
12
Q
Histology
A
.
