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Step 2 CK > HIV/AIDS > Flashcards

HIV/AIDS Flashcards

1
Q

HIV is commonly transmitted through which ways?

A

IVDU and sex

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2
Q

What is the rate of transmission of HIV with the high chance of tramismitting if not treated?

A

mother to child

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3
Q

What are the tests to confirm HIV diagnosis?

A

ELISA - more sensitive

Western blot - to confirm

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4
Q

What lab test indicates treatment failure in HIV?

A

increasing viral load

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5
Q

What is the initial choice of antiretroviral medications for HIV?

A

Emtricitabine
Tenofovir
Efavirenz

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6
Q

What is the purpose of using ritonavir in HIV regimens?

A

to “boost” darunavir or atazanavir levels

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7
Q

What is a side effect of zidovudine?

A

anemia

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8
Q

What is a side effect of stavudine and didanosine?

A

peripheral neuropathy and pancreatitis

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9
Q

What is a side effect of abacavir (HLA B5701)?

A

hypersensitivity, SJS

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10
Q

What is a side effect of protease inhibitors?

A

hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia

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11
Q

What is a side effect of tenofovir?

A

renal insufficiency

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12
Q

What is a side effect of indinavir?

A

nephrolithiasis

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13
Q

What is indication for antiretroviral during pregnancy when patient is on antiretrovirals at the time of pregnancy?

A

Continue same meds, except switch efavirenz to a protease inhibitor

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14
Q

What is indication for antiretroviral during pregnancy when not on antiretrovirals, CD4 low or viral load high?

A

Initiate antiretrovirals immediately and continue after delivery

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15
Q

What is indication for antiretroviral during pregnancy when patient is not on antiretrovirals, CD4 high and viral load low?

A

Initiate antiretrovirals immediately

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16
Q

What is the treatment for babies born to HIV positive mothers?

A

zidovudine at delivery and continue for 6 weeks afterward

17
Q

What is the best way to prevent transmission of HIV from mother to baby during delivery?

A

C-section (especially if viral load >1000)

18
Q

If viral load is undetectable, should we still treat in pregnancy?

A

YES

Step 2 CK (7 decks)

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