HIV/AIDS

Question 1

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. (NRTI)

Answer 1

Abacavir
Didanosine
Emtricitabine
Lamivudine
Zidovudine

Prevents conversion of viral RNA to DNA. Causes premature shortening of viral DNA

Question 2

NRTI (adverse effects)

Answer 2

Peripheral neuropathy

Lactic acidosis. Lipodystrophy.

Pancreatitis. Nausea. Vomiting.

Increased risk of bleeding.

Question 3

Lipodystrophy

Answer 3

Disturbance in fat metabolism.

Buffalo hump.

Question 4

Lactic acidosis

Answer 4

Impaired mitochondrial activity.

Shift to glycolytic metabolism.

Hyperventilation. Nausea. Abdominal pain. Dysrhythmias.

Medical emergency.

Question 5

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

Answer 5

Delavirdine
Efavirenz
Etravirine

Binds to site on HIV virus and inhibits its activity. Inhibits formation of viral DNA from RNA

Question 6

NNRTIs: adverse effects

Answer 6

Red, itchy rash
Occasional ulceration

Diarrhea. Nausea.

Efavirenz: strange dreams, dizziness, confusion, hallucination.

Question 7

Protease inhibitors

Answer 7

Prevent the creation of protein coat in new viruses. New viruses malformed.

Atazanavir. Darunavir. Indinavir. Ritonavir. Squinavir.

Question 8

~avir

Answer 8

Protease inhibitors

Question 9

Protease inhibitors: adverse effects

Answer 9

Diarrhea. Nausea. Vomiting.

Lipodystrophy

Elevated lipids. Diabetes.

Question 10

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Answer 10

Prevent conversion of viral RNA to DNA