HIV Flashcards
main ways you can transmit HIV
- mother to infant
- IVD
- sex
what type of HIV is MC in US
HIV-1 subtype B
what meds make up Prep
tenofovir and emtricitabine
what to monitor for Prep pts
- HIV status every 3 months
- STD/pregnancy tests
In 7-14 days, a mono or influenza like illness occurs
Sx and signs: fever, fatigue, rash, headache, myalgias, arthralgias, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis
acute retroviral infection
initiate tx asap, HIV ab may be neg you must get a viral load
initial then confirmatory HIV test
ELISA
western blot
MC type of viral load testing
PCR <50 or <400
you have to get the HLA B57-01 test if you prescribe this
abacavir
make sure to get a UA every 6 months if pt is on
tenofovir
get viral load counts every
3-6 months
An antiretroviral regimen for a treatment-naive patient generally consists of
two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in
combination with a third active antiretroviral drug from one of three drug classes: an integrase strand transfer inhibitor, a nonnucleoside
reverse transcriptase inhibitor, or a protease inhibitor with a pharmacokinetic enhancer (cobicistat or ritonavir).
which meds are associated with neural tube defects
Efavirenz and dolbutegravir
AIDS definition
A person infected with HIV and a CD4 cell count below 200 or a person infected with HIV an opportunistic infection
normal T-cell count
1000
pts on tx are around 500
prohylactic regimens for OIs
- PCP: TMP/SMX CD4 cell count of <200/ul
- Toxoplasma: TMP/SMX in patients with IgG antibody and CD4 cell count <100/ul
- MTB exposure: (PPD >5 mm) INH 300 mg + B6 for 9 months
- MAC: azithromycin 1200 mg/ weekly in patients with CD4 count <50/ul
- Cryptococcus: after documented disease- fluconazole 200 mg orally daily
- CMV: ganciclovir I.V, foscarnet I.V, valganciclovir P.O or ocular implants after documented infection treated
