diarrhea

Question 1

common causes of inflammatory diarrhea

Answer 1

• salmonella (MC)
• shigella
• campylobacter
• invasive e.coli

Question 2

common causes of non-inflammatory diarrhea

Answer 2

-vibrio

enterotoxogenic e coli

Question 3

how to tx campylobacter

Answer 3

• hydration, ABx for patients with moderate to severe disease and in immunocompromised patients
• avoid antimotility (diphenoxylate, loperimide)

Question 4

2nd most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in the U.S

Infection acquired from ingestion of contaminated food (eggs, cheese, fruit, poultry), water, drugs

Answer 4

non-typhoidal salmonella

nausea, vomiting, fever, watery diarrhea, abd pain after 6-72 hrs of infection

Question 5

shigella is…..

Answer 5

highly infectious
dx via stool culture and blood culture
tx bactrim/quinolones

Question 6

MC vibrio infection in US

MCC death

Answer 6

V parahemolyticus

V. vulnificus

Question 7

explosive watery diarrhea

Answer 7

vibrio

tx-doxy quinolones in severe illness

Question 8

traveler’s diarrhea

Answer 8

Enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC) doxycycline,

bactrim or fluoroquinolones

Question 9

childhood diarrhea

Answer 9

Enteropathogenic E coli (EPEC)

Question 10

hemorrhagic colitis or HUS

Answer 10

Enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC)

no anbx

Question 11

giardia tx

Answer 11

metronidazole

Question 12

E. histolytica tx

Answer 12

iodoquinol

metro

Question 13

cryptosporidiosis tx

Answer 13

immunosuppresed nitazoxanide

Question 14

MC viral GI bug

Answer 14

norovirus

Question 15

substantial portion of cases of gastroenteritis in children aged 6 months to 2 years

Answer 15

rotavirus

Question 16

high levels of ( ) indicate parasites

Answer 16

eosinophils

Question 17

guinea worm disease

Answer 17

allergic manifestations

worm may protrude through skin

Question 18

Also known as bilharzias, bilharziasis, or snail fever, it is acquired through exposure to infected fresh water

Answer 18

schistosomiasis

tx praziquantel

Question 19

syphillus testing

Answer 19

RPR-screen

FTA-confirm/previous

Question 20

1 syphillus

Answer 20

painless chancre

Question 21

2 syphillus

Answer 21

morbiliform erythematous rash on palms and soles

Question 22

3 syphillus

Answer 22

condyloma lata
gumma
CV
CNS

Question 23

1 syphillus tx
2 tx
3 tx

Answer 23

PNC G 1 IM
PNC G 3 IM
PNC G procaine IV 17-21 days
for neuro add probenacid 17-21 days

Question 24

RMSF

Answer 24

HA, rash, myalgia, abdominal pain

tx w/doxy or chloramphenicol in pregnant