HIV

Question 1

how does HIV transmit

Answer 1

bloodborn STI
blood, seminal fluid, vaginal secretions, amniotic fluid and breast milk
any break in skin, mucosa increase risk

Question 2

HIV primary prevention

Answer 2

avoid s haring needles
avoid sex with infected partners
pre-exposure phylaxis - once a day pill

Question 3

diagnostics of HIV

Answer 3

screening
enzyme immunoassay (EIA)**
fourth gen antibody testing (HIV diagnostic test)
P24 antigen testing
viral load testing - lower the viral load, the longer time pt has with the disease, survival rate improves

cd4 cell counts - shows how responsive immune system is

Question 4

what is the normal cd4 cell count

Answer 4

500-1500

Question 5

what is the AIDS normal cd4 cell count

Answer 5

below 200

Question 6

clinical manifestations of HIV re respiratory

Answer 6

-pcp pneumonia
-mycobacterim TB - can cause neuro effects
-bad respiratory infections - precipitated by low cd4 count

Question 7

hiv clincal manifestations via GI

Answer 7

wasting syndrome - lose more than 10% of body weight
n/v/d
loss of appetite

Question 8

hiv clinical manifestations via oncologic

Answer 8

kaposi sarcoma
-this is cancer hiv/aid pts get. has dark purple lesions

Question 9

hiv clinical manifestations via neurologic

Answer 9

hiv encephalopathy
cmv retinitis — can produce blindness i pts
peripheral neuropathy
syphilis
depression

Question 10

hiv clinical manifestations via skin

Answer 10

rashes and pruritis from herpes zoster
molloscum contagiosum - lesions on body

Question 11

HIV meds

Answer 11

abacavir
ART (antiretroviral therapy)

Question 12

what do hiv meds do

Answer 12

slow down progression of virus towards aids

Question 13

what med specifically targets hiv. this must be taken as prescribed.

Answer 13

antiretroviral therapy (ART)

Question 14

enlarged or abnormal lymph nodes in two or more noncontiguous areas

most hiv pts have this infection

Answer 14

lymphadenopathy