hitory Flashcards
what are the MAIN terms
Militarism-maintaining a strong military organisation-prepare for war.
Alliance- a close association of nations
Imperialism-a system in which country rules over another country
Nationalism- a sense of pride and love in one country
Key events in the pacific theatre of war
Before Japanese expansionism Japan was a powerful independent and nationalist country but had vert limited resources such as oil, coal, rubber for steel production. It relied heavily on other countries.
The co-prosperity sphere.
It was Japan’s attempt to form an economic and military block consisting of nations in East and South-east Asia against western colonisation and manipulation.
help to invade countries-route they would take
Japan’s imperialist policies created tension and aggression.
Wanted to cooperate to ensure the stability of their region.
Respect the sovereignty and independence of each participating country and the other countries traditions and cultures.
The scheme was created on June 29th, 1940.
plan to unite and control much of East Asia under Japanese leadership, presenting it as a “cooperative” group of nations that would benefit everyone involved. However, in reality, it was largely a way for Japan to expand its empire and exploit the resources of other countries in the region.
events in the pacific war
Need for Goods and resources-to meet the needs of the population.
Settlement of surplus population-needed more infrastructure as the population was growing and needed spots to have all these people.
Wanted to spread its cultural influence-wanted to sell things and establish themselves with the growing population.
causes that lead to the outbreak of WW2
The treaty of Versailles- the big 3
In Jan 1919 32 countries met in Versailles to make treaties to end the war.
Georges Clemenceau-revenge to punish.
Woodrow Wilson-world safe-fair and peace
David Lloyd George-make Germany pay not revenge.
Germany
The great depression
The rise of the nazi party
Adolf Hitler
how did the Japanese fight
The Japanese fought:
Fiercely
Took in POW’s
New Guinea- Port Moresby
-> after PH japan took over this
Singapore-
Darwin-
Pearl Harbour
USA’s bombings
Pearl Harbour
Nagasaki
Hiroshima
why did the Japanese expand
expansion was the country’s need for goods and resources,
pearl harbor
The attack on the American Naval base at pearl harbour, Hawaii on the 7th of December 1941.
Japanese threat and it alerted the allies to the nature of the Japanese threat and how Japan hoped to destroy the pacific fleet and stop Americas interference in the pacific.
Rather than preventing American intervention the attack caused the USA< Australia to declare war on Japan.
the fall of singapore
Feb 15th, 1942.
Bad because Aus always regarded the British naval base at Singapore as vital to Aus security.
the darwin bombing
19th February 1942
Japanese wanted to destroy the allies military base in Darwin.
POW’S
places they were captured:
1. Singapore–14,972
2. Java–2,736
3. Timor–1,137
4. Ambon 1,075
5. New Britain– 1,049
What were some of the daily jobs/chores?
- Build Bridges
- Carry Supplies
- Clear Jungle/shrubs
- Cutting out embankments
- Digging
- Road construction
- Moving rocks/tree
hardships that these POWs would have faced during their time in a POW camp.
* Starvation
* Whipping/Beating
* Exhaustion
* Overheating
* Malnutrition
* Injury
thai burma railway
Built in 1942-43
415 km railway from Thailand to southern Burma. It was rugged, dense jungle and building lots of bridges and cutting.
geneva conventions
The Geneva conventions are international treaties that contain the most important rules limiting the barbarity of war.
They protect people do not take part in fighting and those who can no longer fight.
Signed in Geneva on July 27, 1929. entered into force on 19th June 1931.
They must be shown respect.
Allowed to correspond with relatives.
Given adequate food and clothing.
Provided with shelter equivalent to those of their captor’s troops.
Given medical care.
Paid.
When they were dropped and the cities they were dropped on
Hiroshima: 6th of August 1945 nicknamed Little Boy.
Nagasaki: 6th and 9th 1945-nicknames fat man
impact
Little boy and it was launched from a plane above. It detonated 600 metres in the air above Hiroshima, creating a toxic mushroom cloud that rose over 18 km high. A 3.2-kilometre radius in the city was completely levelled. The devastation on the ground was horrific. Some 80,000 people died instantly.
Fat Man to be dropped on Nagasaki (a major shipbuilding centre in Japan). Although this bomb was bigger, the terrain shielded the people from the full effects of the blast. 40,000 people died immediately.
