geography definitions

Question 1

relative poverty

Answer 1

when households receive 50% less than average household incomes, so they do have some money but still not enough money to afford anything above the basics.

Question 2

Human development index

Answer 2

a tool developed by the United Nations to grade and rank the social and economic development of the world’s countries in order from most to least developed; used as a measure of human wellbeing

Question 3

life expectancy

Answer 3

The average number of years a person is expected to live depending on where they live.

Question 4

absolute poverty

Answer 4

when household income is below a certain level, which makes it impossible for the person or family to meet basic needs of life including food, shelter, safe drinking water, education, healthcare, etc.

Question 5

globalization

Answer 5

the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange; increased production of goods and services. Big companies are no longer national firms but multinational corporations with investments in many countries.

Question 6

united nations

Answer 6

an international organization composed of most of the countries of the world. It was founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and economic development.

Question 7

literacy rate

Answer 7

a statistical measure of the percentage of people in an area or population that can read and write

Question 8

Gross Domestic product per capita(per person)

Answer 8

Total value of all the good and services produced in a country in a year along with income from abroad, divided by the number of people (per capita) living in that country. It is one way of measuring the wealth of a country.

Question 9

gross domestic product

Answer 9

Total value of all the goods and services produced in a country in a year. It is one way of measuring the wealth of a country.

Question 10

wellbeing

Answer 10

the ability of human beings to access the things they need in order to live happy and healthy lives (e.g. food, water, education, safety and security)

Question 11

more economically country

Answer 11

a country that has high level of development based on economic indicators such as gross domestic product (the country’s income)

Question 12

Less economically developed country (LEDC)

Answer 12

a country that has low levels of development, based on economic indicators, such as gross domestic product (the country’s income)

Question 13

Cycle of Poverty

Answer 13

begins when a child is born into a poor family. These families often have limited or no resources to create opportunities to advance themselves, which leaves them stuck in the poverty trap; a phenomenon where poor families/ individuals become impoverished for at least three generations

Question 14

Sustainable development Goals (SDG’s)

Answer 14

a set of 17 goals developed by the United Nations in 2015 that are designed to end poverty, protect the Earth from unsustainable development, and improve the wellbeing of all people

Question 15

Mortality rate

Answer 15

a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

Question 16

Quantitative

Answer 16

Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year

Question 17

aid

Answer 17

money, equipment, or services that are provided for people, countries, or organizations who need them but cannot provide them for themselves.

Question 18

development

Answer 18

a branch of geography which refers to the standard of living and its quality of life of its human inhabitants. In this context, development is a process of change that affects people’s lives.

Question 19

developed country

Answer 19

an industrialized country with a well-developed economy and relatively high standard of living that is able to support the needs of its citizens

Question 20

Qualitative data

Answer 20

any information that can be recorded in words (e.g. My favorite X is X).

Question 21

data

Answer 21

a statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two or more variables are related or interlinked

Question 22

developing country

Answer 22

a non-industrialized (i.e. largely agricultural) country with a relatively fragile economy and low standard of living that is not always able to support the needs of its citizens

Question 23

infant mortality rate

Answer 23

a statistical measure of the proportion of children in an area or population under the age of 12 months who die; expressed as deaths per 1000 live births

Question 24

trade

Answer 24

buying and selling of goods and services between different countries around the world. Goods that are brought into a country are called imports and those that are sold to another country are called exports.