Hitlers Rise 1919-1933 Flashcards
When did hitler take control of the Nazi party?
1921
How did the nazi party and hitlers control over it develop?
German workers party (DAP) set up in 1919 by Anton Drexler in Munich Hitler later appointed as second in command.
Hitler suggested a new name for the party: National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP)
1921 Hitler becomes leader of the party and appoints Hess, Goering, Streicher and Rohm appointed as his party support.
When and what was the 25 point programme?
1920:
- Increase pensions for the elderly
- Nationalise industry’s
- Remove treaty of Versailles
- build up armed forces
- only German race should be members of the nation, no Jewish person may be a citizen
- expand Germany across new territory ( lebensraum)
What was the Sturmabteilung (SA) and when where they formed?
August 1921:
Sturmabteilng or stormtroopers where the nazis paramilitary force made up of unemployed ex-soldiers.
Formed by Hitler and out under the command of Ernst Rohm.
Wore brown uniform and nicknamed ‘brownshirts’ and were used to disrupt opposition meetings, control crowns and oppositions to Hitler in an often violent way.
Who did the 25 point programme oppose?
The Weimar government who agreed to TOV.
The idea of democracy which they believed was weak.
Jewish people who they believed undermined the German economy.
Why was there a Munich putsch?
- TOV: ‘stab in the back’, reparations, loss of germanys colonies, resentment of Weimar government by Bavarian government.
- Hitler was influenced by Mussolini’s right wing party in Italy taking power by marching one Rome and forcing the democratic government to accept him as leader.
- Issues of hyperinflation due to the French invasion of the Ruhr lead Hitler to believe the German people would support him
When and what was the Munich putsch?
8 November 1923:
Hitler along with 600 SA troop enter a beer hall where Bavarian government where meeting and forced the government leaders at gunpointtondupport him.
Rohm took over the local police and army.
Ludendorff a well respected ww1 army general joined Hitler and the government officials where allowed home.
9th November 1923:
Hitler with force of 1000 SA and 2000 volunteers marched on Munich to declare Hitler president of Germany. They were betrayed and met by police, someone opened fire and many Nazi party members where arrested including Hitler.
What were the consequences of the Munich putsch?
Negative:
- NSDAP banned
- Hitler put on trial and sent to prison so image of the party with a criminal at its forefront may no longer appeal to some.
Positive:
- Hitler used trial to publicise his views
- He wrote mein kampf in prison which became a bestseller when published, it outlined his beliefs and political opinions
- Event of putsch made Hitler rethink the parties tactics in gaining power and urged him to re organise the party, using violence was not the right tactic
When and what was the Bamburg conference
1926:
A conference organised to address the splits between socialist and nationalist within the Nazi party, this secured Hitler as leader.
When and what was the wall street crash?
October 1929:
US companies lost billion of dollar of value overnight leaving many businesses and banks worldwide ruined and resulted in a worldwide depression.
The US stopped lending money to Germany and demanded that all outstanding loans be repaid.
What was the effect of the Wall Street crash on German businesses?
- Had to repay loans
- Received no more US loans
- Had to pay increased taxes to the government
What was the effect of the Wall Street crash on the German government?
- Could no longer borrow money from the US
- Refused to print more money
- Increased taxes
- Made cuts in unemployment benefits
- Government workers had wages cut and many lost jobs
What was the effect of the Wall Street crash on the German people?
- Businesses reduced staff or shut altogether
- Millions of workers and farm labourers lost their jobs
- Young people badly affected by loss of jobs
- With no work and benefits slashed some families suffered terrible poverty
How did Hitler appeal to the German people?
- Propaganda made him appear as a strong leader as his image appeared on most publicity material
- He travelled around the country giving speeches and talking on the radio
- The party adopted modern technology for example aeroplanes
How did the depression benefit Hitler and Nazi party?
The support for Nazi party grew due to people dissatisfaction with the government, unemployment and economic problems.
