Hitler Takes Political Control: Intro & Step 1 - Gaining Control of the Reichstag Flashcards
Head of Government (in the Weimar Republic)
2 marks
- Appointed by the president.
- Chancellor
Reichstag Election results: January 1933
4 marks
NSDAP/Nazi party received 33% of votes.This alongside the support of the President (Hindenburg) was sufficient to make Hitler (party leader) Chancellor.
President during January 1933 (Election)
1 mark
Paul Von Hindenburg
Becoming Chancellor Made Hitler
2 marks
Head of the Government but did not give him complete control over Germany.
NSDAP Party (Nazi Party)
4 marks
‘Nationalist Socialist German Workers Party’
- Right wing party led by Hitler.
- Received 33% of the votes in the Reichstag 1933 Elections.
During the 18 months after the Reichstag Elections (1933 - when Hitler became Chancellor)
(1 mark)
Hitler eliminated nearly all sources of opposition, both within the Nazi Party and Germany.
By August 1934
1 mark
Hitler declared himself Führer - the sole leader of Germany.
Majority of seats in Reichstag belonged to Hitlers Rivals during
(3 marks)
January 1933 Reichstag Election - he needed to gain 2 thirds of the seats to change the constitution from a democracy to a dictatorship.
How did Hitler react to the Reichstag Election in January 1933
(3 marks)
By convincing President Hindenburg to call a new Election for March 1933; setting off a series of events that resulted in Hitler becoming a dictator.
Reichstag Fire: 27th Feb 1933
4 marks
- 6 days before the New Reichstag Election
- Marinus Van der Lubbe was caught in the building; giving Hitler an excuse to persuade President Hindenburg there was a communist plot to overthrow the government.
- ‘Law for the protection of People and State’ approved as a result.
Marinus Van der Lubbe
2 marks
Dutch Communist executed after being caught in the burning Reichstag building.
Had the power to issue a decree in an emergency
2 marks
President (Hindenburg; approved ‘Law for the protection of People and State’.)
What was the ‘Law for the protection of People and State’?
4 marks
- Emergency decree approved by President Hindenburg in 1933 following the Reichstag fire.
- Step in Hitler becoming a dictator.
- Removed civil rights of many.
‘Law for the protection of People and State’
2 marks
Anyone suspected of plotting against the government could be arrested and imprisoned without trial.
How did Hitler use the decree (‘Law for the protection of People and State’) in his favour?
(5 marks)
Disrupted Election campaigns of his main rivals by:
- putting many KPD leaders in prison,
- confiscating their literature,
- closing their offices and using the SA to break-up their meetings.
What does SA stand for?
1 mark
Sturmabteilung
SA (‘Storm troopers’)
5 marks
Sturmabteilung (1921) - also known as ‘Brown Shirts’. Military style organisation of the Nazi Party formed under Hitler.
KPD
1 mark
Communist Party
Germany’s Parliament
1 mark
Reichstag
Elected members of the Reichstag
1 mark
Deputies
After the Reichstag fire : 5th March (1933)
3 marks
- 44% of the German people voted for Nazi’s aka 288 seats in the Reichstag
- Not the 2 thirds Hitler needed
Date the Reichstag met with Hitler & secured the passing of the Enabling Act.
(1 mark)
23rd March 1933
Hitler secured the passing of the Enabling Act by;
7 marks
- Using the decree to ban the KPD and arresting some non-nazi deputies.
- Persuading the Nationalist Party to support him.
- Obtaining the centre party’s co-operation/obedience by promising to protect the rights of Catholics + cancelling the decree.
- Arranging for the SA to intimidate rival parties.
The Enabling Act
4 marks
- Passed by Reichstag: 441 votes to 94.
- Gave Hitler the right to make laws without the Reichstags approval for the next 4 years.
- Enabled Hitler to destroy all opposition to his rule.
