Hitler's Successes and Failures Flashcards
What was the Disarmament Conference between 1932 and 1934?
(ostensibly between 1930 and 1934, but more correctly until May 1937)
significance of 1933?
effort by member states of the League of Nations, together with the U.S., to actualize the ideology of disarmament.
LoN conference at Geneva
60 countries involved
What was Hitler’s response to the Disarmament Conference?
Refused to reduce his armed forces
ordered German delegates to leave the D conference in Geneva
Withdrew from the conference and LoN in October 1933
excuse: Germany was already disarmed, while other countries were refusing to disarm.
When did Hitler reintroduce conscription?
March 1935
What were the reactions to German rearmament in Britain/France/USSR?
B - saw ToV as unfair anyway
F - Felt threatened but needed support
USSR - Felt threatened, joined LoN
What was the Non-aggression Pact with Poland?
Germany and Poland agreed not to attack each other for 10 years
Why was the Non-aggression Pact formed?
To make rearmament seem peaceful + defensive only
To weaken Polish/French alliance
When did Hitler first attempt an Anschluss?
1934
How did Hitler intend to unite with Austria?
Destabilise the Austrian government
What did Chancellor Dollfuss do to oppose Hitler?
Banned the Austrian Nazi party
What 3 things happened when Hitler ordered the Austrian Nazis to create havoc?
Dollfuss was killed
The Austrian military stepped in
Mussolini moved troops to the border to scare Hitler away
What was the Anglo-German Naval Agreement 1935?
Germany’s Navy could be 35% of Britain’s with an equal amount of submarines
Why was the Anglo-German Naval Agreement formed?
Britain thought the ToV was unfair and didn’t want to cause more tensions
Hitler knew Britain would ignore other military expansions
When was the Saar returned to Germany?
Plebiscite in 1935
How did people in the Saar oppose the return?
United front of Social Democrats and communists tried to remain with the LoN
How did people in the Saar encourage the return?
Nazis and Catholics formed a German front
Boycotted and beat up opponents with help of Saar police and Gestapo
Why didn’t the LoN intervene in the Saar’s return?
Feared Nazi riots
What were the results of the Saar plebiscite?
90% wanted to return to Germany
What did the events in the Saar show Hitler?
Germans support him and their country
The LoN is weak and less confident than Hitler
What was the Stresa Front?
France Britain and Italy agreed to oppose Hitler rearming
What was the Locarno Pact of 1925?
A guarantee of the western border of Germany
Rhineland must remain DMZ
Date of Anglo-German Naval Agreement
June 18, 35
Saar
A referendum on territorial status was held in the Territory of the Saar Basin on 13 January 1935.
- 90% voted for reunification with Germany,
- 9% voted for the status quo as a League of Nations mandate territory
- less than 0.5% voted for unification with France.
