Hitler's Successes and Failures

Question 1

What was the Disarmament Conference between 1932 and 1934?

(ostensibly between 1930 and 1934, but more correctly until May 1937)

significance of 1933?

Answer 1

effort by member states of the League of Nations, together with the U.S., to actualize the ideology of disarmament.

LoN conference at Geneva

60 countries involved

Question 2

What was Hitler’s response to the Disarmament Conference?

Answer 2

Refused to reduce his armed forces

ordered German delegates to leave the D conference in Geneva

Withdrew from the conference and LoN in October 1933

excuse: Germany was already disarmed, while other countries were refusing to disarm.

Question 3

When did Hitler reintroduce conscription?

Answer 3

March 1935

Question 4

What were the reactions to German rearmament in Britain/France/USSR?

Answer 4

B - saw ToV as unfair anyway

F - Felt threatened but needed support

USSR - Felt threatened, joined LoN

Question 5

What was the Non-aggression Pact with Poland?

Answer 5

Germany and Poland agreed not to attack each other for 10 years

Question 6

Why was the Non-aggression Pact formed?

Answer 6

To make rearmament seem peaceful + defensive only

To weaken Polish/French alliance

Question 7

When did Hitler first attempt an Anschluss?

Answer 7

1934

Question 8

How did Hitler intend to unite with Austria?

Answer 8

Destabilise the Austrian government

Question 9

What did Chancellor Dollfuss do to oppose Hitler?

Answer 9

Banned the Austrian Nazi party

Question 10

What 3 things happened when Hitler ordered the Austrian Nazis to create havoc?

Answer 10

Dollfuss was killed

The Austrian military stepped in

Mussolini moved troops to the border to scare Hitler away

Question 11

What was the Anglo-German Naval Agreement 1935?

Answer 11

Germany’s Navy could be 35% of Britain’s with an equal amount of submarines

Question 12

Why was the Anglo-German Naval Agreement formed?

Answer 12

Britain thought the ToV was unfair and didn’t want to cause more tensions

Hitler knew Britain would ignore other military expansions

Question 13

When was the Saar returned to Germany?

Answer 13

Plebiscite in 1935

Question 14

How did people in the Saar oppose the return?

Answer 14

United front of Social Democrats and communists tried to remain with the LoN

Question 15

How did people in the Saar encourage the return?

Answer 15

Nazis and Catholics formed a German front

Boycotted and beat up opponents with help of Saar police and Gestapo

Question 16

Why didn’t the LoN intervene in the Saar’s return?

Answer 16

Feared Nazi riots

Question 17

What were the results of the Saar plebiscite?

Answer 17

90% wanted to return to Germany

Question 18

What did the events in the Saar show Hitler?

Answer 18

Germans support him and their country

The LoN is weak and less confident than Hitler

Question 19

What was the Stresa Front?

Answer 19

France Britain and Italy agreed to oppose Hitler rearming

Question 20

What was the Locarno Pact of 1925?

Answer 20

A guarantee of the western border of Germany

Rhineland must remain DMZ

Question 21

Date of Anglo-German Naval Agreement

Answer 21

June 18, 35

Question 22

Saar

Answer 22

A referendum on territorial status was held in the Territory of the Saar Basin on 13 January 1935.

• 90% voted for reunification with Germany,
• 9% voted for the status quo as a League of Nations mandate territory
• less than 0.5% voted for unification with France.