Hitler's Rise to Chancellorship Flashcards
How did the Munich Putsch help the Nazi Party?
> Lots of publicity
> Gave Hitler time to write Mein Kampf
Why were Hitler’s policies attractive?
> Aimed to destroy TOV- many Germans still angry with this
> Appealed to all classes and social groups
What were workers promised?
Employment
What were employers promised?
Profits
What were farmers promised?
Higher prices
How did Hitler appeal to the upper classes?
> Promised protection against communism
> Promised to restore Germany’s status by destroying the humiliation of the TOV
How did Hitler appeal to women?
Emphasised family life and morality
How did Hitler appeal to the middle classes?
> Promised protection against communism
> Promised increased living standards
How did the Wall St. Crash help the Nazis gain popularity?
> 6 million unemployed
> Second economic crisis for Weimar- people lost confidence
> People more likely to vote for extremist parties as Social Democrats etc seemed incompetent at dealing with unemployment
How did Hitler use the SA?
> Protected Nazi speakers
> Disrupted meetings of political rivals esp. communists
> Intimidation on streets
How many seats did the Nazis get in May 1928 and why?
> 12 seats (2.4%)
> Weimar Rep. at its peak; economically benefited from large US loans (Dawes plan)
How many seats did the Nazis get in September 1930 and why?
> 107 seats (18.5%)
> Germany hit by depression; unemployment at 3.1 million; Weimar seemed incompetent
How many seats did the Nazis get in July 1932 and why?
> 230 seats (37.5%)
> Depression at its peak; unemployment at 5.5 million; no faith in democracy
How many seats did the Nazis get in November 1932 and why?
> 196 seats (33.5%)
Unemployment started to fall to 5 million
Nazis still largest party in Reichstag but no majority
What did Josef Göbbels write in his dairy in November 1932?
“the future looks dark and gloomy; all chances and hopes have quite disappeared”
When was Chancellor Heinrich Brüning sacked and who replaced him?
> May 1932
> von Papen replaced him (based on Sep 1930 election Hitler got more votes but Hindenburg didn’t trust him)
How and when did von Schleicher get to be Chancellor?
> von Papen did not gain a majority in the July 1932 election so he called another in November 1932
> Centre part vote fell by 5; Nazi vote fell to 196 but still by far largest in Reichstag
> Hindenburg again refused to appoint Hitler and chose to have von Schleicher as Chancellor in Dec 1932
How did it get from von Schleicher to a Hitler-von Papen Coalition?
> von Schleicher failed to from a working majority
> In January 1933 von Papen persuaded Hindenburg to appoint a Nazi-Nationalist Government with Hitler as Chancellor and von Papen as vice-chancellor
> von Papen and Hindenburg believed they could control Hitler as only 3 out of 11 cabinet seats were held by Nazis
