Hitler and the Nazi Party Flashcards
How long did Hitler spend in prison?
9 months
What prison was Hitler in?
Landsburg Prison
What did he spend most of his time doing in Prison?
Writing Mein Kamf
What year did Hitler go to prison?
1923
Why did Hitler go to Prison?
The Munich Putsch
Give 4 key ideas from Mein Kamf
- Aryans are racially superior
- The reason why Germany was in a mess was because of communists and Jews
- The solution was dictatorship
- Germans need living space (Lebensraum)
Who did Hitler appoint as the head of the SA?
Ernst Rohm
Who did Hitler appoint as head of propaganda?
Joseph Goebbels
What did AJP Taylor describe the Wall St Crash as?
“The wind in Hitler’s sails”
Who recruited Hitler to power?
Hindenburg
Which year did the Nazis fail to get majority vote?
1932
Who was Von Papen?
Chancellor
What were Hindenburg and Von Papen using to make laws?
Article 48
What did Hindenburg and Papen offer Hitler in 1932?
Vice chancellor
What was Hitler’s response to Hindenburg and Papen’s offer in 1932?
He refused and demanded to be chancellor
Why did Hindenburg and Papen give Hitler the offer of Chancellor?
They believed they could control him
When was Hitler made chancellor?
30th January 1933
When was the Reichstag fire?
27th February 1933
Who was found at the scene of the fire?
Dutch communist, Marinus Van der Lubbe
What was the Dutch communist found with?
Matches and fire lighting materials
“This is a communist crime against the government” Who screamed this statement outside the scene?
Goebells
Why was the Reichstag fire significant?
Hitler used it as an excuse to smash communism
After the fire, what did Hindenburg give to Hitler?
Permission to use article 48 to issue an emergency law on restricting communications about political matters
What did the Reichstag fire later have an influence on?
The 1933 General elections
What two tactics does Hitler use to get into power during the 1933 general elections?
Fear and intimidation
What did they do to political opponents during the election?
The SA murdered and imprisoned opponents
When was the enabling act passed/
24th March 1933
What was the enabling law? (4 marks)
A law voted on by the Reichstag (more than half the majority were Nazis) (1 mark)
It allowed Hitler to make laws without consulting the Reichstag (1 mark)
It gave Hitler complete plenary power (1 mark)
It was the complete collapse of Weimar government since they no longer had any input in laws made (1 mark)
When were trade unions banned?
May 1933
What were trade unions replaced with?
The German workers front
What was banned in the German Workers front?
Striking
When were all political parties banned?
July 1933
What happened to previous party leaders?
Imprisoned and sent to concentration camps
What was the form used to send opponents to concentration camps?
Form D-11
What was the significance of Hitler banning all political parties?
He has totally destroyed democracy and legally nobody can get rid of Hitler.
What was the secret state police called?
The Gestapo
When did the army swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler?
1934
When was the night of the Long Knives
30th June 1934
How many members did the SA have by 1934?
Over 3 Million
Who was the leader of the SA
Ernst Rohm
What did Hitler think of Ernst Rohm?
He thought he was a potential rivalry
What did Rohm want the SA to do?
Take over the army
Which two people encouraged the night of the long knives and why?
Himmler and Goerring because they were enemies of Ernst Rohm
Why was the night of the long knives significant?
Hitler is not afraid to kill his own friends
Shows ruthless dictatorship
Shows he’s not afraid to use violence
When did Hindenburg die?
August 1934
When does Hitler change his position to Fuhrer?
August 1934
Who was head of the SS?
Heinrich Himmler
What did all recruits need to be in the SS?
Purely aryan
What was the main job of the Gestapo?
Tapped into telephones and reported anti-nazi people.
When and where did the book burnings take place?
1933 in Berlin
Why were the book burnings significant?
They prevented Germans from thinking beyond the Nazi message.
It foreshadows what was to come (extreme violence and persecution of the Jews)
What was Hitlers quote about children?
“Your child belongs to us already2
What group did most girls belong to?
The BDM
What was the KDF?
The strength through Joy programme
What was the name of the agreement signed with the pope?
The concordat
What did the concordat state?
If Roman Catholics kept out of politics then Nazi’s would leave them alone.
What happened to women employed by the state in Nazi Germany?
They were sacked
What encouraged couples to marry in Nazi Germany?
Big loans
What was awarded to mothers for having children?
Medals
What was to happen to women with diseases?
They were to be sterilised
What were the three K’s women were supposed to follow?
Kinder, Kurche and Kuche (Children, church and cooking)
When were the Nuremburg laws passed?
1936
Give two examples of young people who opposed Hitler?
The white rose group and The Edelweiss pirates
What did the Nuremburg laws do?
Deprived Jews of German citizenship
When were Jews forced to change their names to Sarah and Israel?
1938
What year was Kristallnacht?
1938
What happened during Kristallnacht?
Synagogues, businesses and homes destroyed of Jews
What was the cause of Kristallnacht?
The murder of a German official (Ernst Von Rath) by a Jew in Paris
How many Jews were arrested?
30,000 Jews
What was the significance of Kristallnacht?
Anti-semitism can lead to violence
Nobody actively opposes the Nazis
