History WW1 Flashcards
Tripe Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy
What dates was WW1 fought between?
1914 - 1918
Triple Entente
Britain, France and Russia
Why did Australian men enlist in WW1?
- Australians wanted to stand by Britain as most people were linked to Britain (The “Motherland”)
- Adventure and to travel world (free)
- Helping mates “Aussie mate ship”
- Shamed into going (feathers)
- Hating Germans (propaganda showed them as monsters
- Doing their duty
Places Australians fought in WW1
1914: New Guinea, Naura + Soloman Islands as well as Egypt
1915: Gallipoli, Turkey
1916-18: Western Front (France + Belgium)
1916-18: Palestine
Why did they land at Gallipoli?
Their boat was swept away from planned landing by ? current
What issues did men face landing and fighting at Gallipoli?
- They were exposed to enemy fire meaning nowhere was safe
- bad weather
- poor sanitation
- stench living in close quarters
- hundreds of soldiers died first day
- swarms of flies
- hard to land at Gallipoli (confusion)
Describe Trench warfare
melted snow caused trenches to be muddy. Horses + men could fall in this mud and drown. Disease was common, lice, rats, dead bodies and bad stench. soldiers developed trench foot leading to amputations.
War weapons used
Shells, gas, tanks, planes, barbed wire and machine guns
Home front WW1
Women unable to fight but supported the war in other ways e.g. knitting socks, fund raising and making and sending food to troops. Germans atacked
Conscription
compulsory enlistment in armed forces
Propaganda
Biased information made by government
What type of Propaganda was used in WW1?
Demonisation Propaganda to portray enemy forces as evil and build hatred to encourage enlistment
Assassination
1914 the assassination of Hungary’s heir archduke Franz Ferdinand sparked the outbreak of WW1
What was WW1 famous for?
trench warfare, new weapons gas e.t.c.
Militarism
The race to build a strong army and weaponery for mass destruction
Alliances
The agreement between nations to support each other
Nationalism
The extreme pride in one’s own country
Imperialism
taking over another country (rush to build empire/economy)
New WW1
first war where advanced weaponry and military tactics were used
Domino effect
- Austria blamed Serbia for death and declares war against Serbia
- Germany supports Austria
- Russia supports Serbia
- Germany declares war on Russia
- France supports Russia
- Germany declares war on France
- Germany invades Belgium
- Britain supports belgium and declares war on Germany
Statistic
295,000 Australians fought on western front with 60,000 dying
Conscription debate
Britain was requesting new recruits every month but aus PM was struggling to provided them so Bill hughes made conscription and was denied
German trenches
German dug their trenches first and had better soil conditions as they built their trenches high. They had electricity, beds, toilets and concrete
Censorship
Allows government to protect secrets/bad news and control publics opinion
Women in WW1
- Government didn’t allow women to assist war effort (they weren’t needed)
- Poorly paid
- The war allowed women to take on new roles and responsibilities
- they provided comfort boxes
- made socks to prevent trench foot
- womens pre war wages were half of mens pay for doing the same work
Aboriginal men in WW1
In 1914 they were not regarded as citizens and were refused to fight because of their race
Why did Aboriginal men want to fight in WW1
Adventure, pay was higher and wanted to prove they were as good as ‘white’ men
Rules relaxed and roles: Aboriginal
Volunteers dropped so they allowed them to fight. By 1916 they were able to enlist but restricted to roles: drivers, stretch bearers, signallers
Returning home: Aboriginal
Aboriginal men had to go back to reserves and missions and were still not seen as a citizen or equal
Enemy ‘aliens’
people or their blood relatives born in enemy nations e.g. germany
Womens roles in WW1
Nurses and medical workers along with volunteer work for the soldiers + fundraising
