HISTORY - The Protestant Reformation

Question 1

The Protestant Reformation was a 16th century:

4 words

Answer 1

religious, political, intellectual and cultural revolution to change catholic church

Question 2

MAJOR reformers:

Answer 2

1. Martin Luther, Germany
2. John Calvin, Switzerland
3. Henry VIII, England

Question 3

What CAUSED the reformation?

Answer 3

Avignon Papacy & Great Schism, corruption of the Church

Question 4

What was the Avignon Papacy/Great Schism?

Answer 4

Took place during 12th century; basically two popes, one from italy and one from france, fighting over power- this is what caused the great schism

Question 5

Types of Corruption in the Church

(SNAUSS)

Answer 5

1. Simony
2. Nepotism
3. Absenteeism
4. Uneducated Priests
5. Sale of Indulgences
6. Science questioned the Church

Nepotism- favoring family/friends

Simony- selling of church positions

Question 6

What Renaissance ideas helped to cause the Reformation?

Answer 6

Secularism, individualism, christian humanists, the printing press to spread ideas

Question 7

Martin Luther’s feelings on the Catholic Church

Answer 7

He believed the Catholic Church was corrupt

Question 8

Martin Luther’s life

Answer 8

When he was caught in a deadly thunderstorm, he promised God he would devote his life to him if he survived. He then joined a monastary, became a monk, practiced an ascetic lifestyle to imitate sufferings of Christ. On a trip to Rome Luther came to the realization that salvation only took place between u and god. He writes his 95 theses and posts it to the Writtenberg church in 1517. He was excommunicated, put to trial in diet of worms. Translated bible into German. Dies 1546

Question 9

Luther’s theological belief

Answer 9

Salvation through your faith in God’s word. All people are equal before God.
1. direct access to god
2. priesthood of the believer
3. papal infallibility
4. services in the vernacular
5. clerical marriage
6. only 2 sacraments

Question 10

John Calvin’s life

Answer 10

Born july 10, 1509. Devoted catholic. His dad forced him into law school. Dad dies, he studies theology instead. While studying he begins to question the catholic church and supported a reformation. Fled from the city, finished his writing “The Institutes of Christian Religion” in 1536, goes to Geneva Switzerland and starts what we know as Calvinism.

Question 11

Calvin’s theological belief

Answer 11

• Predestination- god chooses who goes to heaven or hell.
• Moral lives reveal which weve been chosen to go

Question 12

Calvin’s strict code? Why?

Answer 12

He believed that the “elect” have been chosen by God to go to heaven, therefore they will live a moral life. (Preprogrammed to be good)

Question 13

Spread of Calvinism

Answer 13

Started in Geneva, Switzerland. Spread to Scotland(Prebyterians), France(Huguenots), England(Puritans)

Question 14

Why did Henry VIII keep getting married/divorced?

Answer 14

Henry was looking for a male heir, but all of his wives were unable to give him one, or they died by execution for adultery (Jane Seymor of natural causes) (DBD, DBS)

Question 15

Motives of Henry VIII

Answer 15

Spread the power of England

Question 16

Reign of King Edward

Son of Jane Seymour (thrid wife)

Answer 16

Was just around 10 when he was crowned, mostly his suboordinates helped in making his decisions. Was strictly protestant. Died at 16

Question 17

Reign of Mary Tudor

Daughter of Catherine of Aragon (first wife)

Answer 17

Daddy issues. She wanted to un-do everything her father and brother had done, she was strictly anti-protestant. had over 300 religious dessenters burned at the stake (bloody mary)

Question 18

Elizabeth I

Daughter of Anne Boelyn (second wife)

Answer 18

“Virgin Queen” established an Elizabethian Settlement, required conformity to the anglican church but allowed private practice of catholicism. Anglican church resembled calvinism

Question 19

What was the Counter Reformation?

Answer 19

A movement to force allegiance to the Catholic Church

Question 20

What was the purpose of the Counsil of Trent?

Answer 20

The Counsil of Trent was a meeting meant to formally reaffirm Catholic Doctrines and spread Catholic faith

Question 21

How did Ignatius Loyota and the Jesuits prevent people from going to Protestantism?

Answer 21

Ignatius founded Jesuits in 1540. The Jesuits were missionaries who traveled Europe to spread Catholicism. They created schools, colleges, seminaries and ran charitable organizations supporting Catholic Church.

Question 22

How did the Inquisition stop people from being Protestant?

Answer 22

The Inquisition apprehended those accused of heresy and tortured/killed them.

Question 23

How did the Index of Forbidden Books prevent people converting to Protestantism?

Answer 23

The IOFB named and listed scripture that they considered heretical.

Question 24

Describe the legacy of the Protestant Reformation

Answer 24

A movement that helped shape the modern world, created idea of not listening to a single authority, instead trust your conscience

Question 25

IMPORTANT DATES

Answer 25

1500-1700: Protestant Reformation
1517: Martin Luther posted 95 theses
1520: Martin Luther recieves/burns his bill of excommunication/Luther is excommunicated
1521: Martin Luther is tried in the Diet of Worms
1534: Parliament passes Act of Supremacy, declaring Henryviii supreme head of the anglican church
1545-1563: Counsil of Trent