History Test (Anti-Federalists, Federalists, Federalists Papers, Federal Farmer, and the Bill of Rights) Flashcards
What did the Federalists and the Anti-federalists both support?
The Federalists and anti-federalists supported writing a new document (The Constitution) and not to continue with the Articles of Confederation.
What did the Federalists and Anti-federalists develop into?
They developed into political parties.
What is the difference between what the Federalists supported vs. what the Anti-federalists supported?
The Federalists supported the newly written Constitution and wanted it to be ratified, AS IT WAS. (Without the inclusion of the Bill of Rights because the Federalists thought it was not necessary due to the Constitution being strong enough.) The Anti-federalists supported the Bill of Rights and that is what they wanted to add before the Constitution was ratified.
What is the difference between the Bill of Rights and the Constitution?
The difference is that the Bill of Rights is about individual rights or rights that citizens have that the government can’t take away. However, the Constitution is a framework of government and states the rules of people in power like Senators, H.O.R members, the President, etc.
What kind of interpretation of government did the Federalists want?
The Federalists wanted a loose interpretation of government because the upper class would figure it out /or determines the outcome after the Constitution was ratified.
Name people who were Federalists and about them.
- Alexander Hamilton- Wanted money and to trade with G.B.
- John Jay- from NY.
- James Madison- Wrote the Preamble and the U.S Constitution, but ended up changing his mind and ended up writing the Bill of Rights. (Ironic)
What did the Federalists write and why? Who was afriad of this?
The Federalists (Hamilton, Madison, Jay) wrote 85 essays called the Federalists Papers to support a strong federal (central) government and to promote the ratification of the U.S Constitution. The first 77 of these essays were published in New York newspapers between October 1787 and April 1788. (The colonists were afraid of a strong central government that was like G.B and would be oppressive)
Who were the Federalists?
Owned large farms, businessmen, wealthy merchants, bankers, lawyers, and manufacturers.
What polices did the Federalists want?
They wanted policies favorable to trade, business, and finance.- Which would benefit the wealthy.
Who did the Federalists want to be in charge of the government? What is that and why?
The Federalists wanted the government to be controlled by wealthy and educated citizens. This is a power construct because it was made up by rich white men who benefitted from the government and not average citizens.
What kind of bank did the Federalists support? Who supported it?
The Federalists supported a National Bank, oversees all banks that Hamilton supported the national bank to make sure banks were acting legally.
What kind of tax did the Federalists want?
The Federalists wanted tariffs, a tax on imported goods.
Who did the Federalists want to have strong ties with and why? Who not?
The Federalists wanted to have strong ties with Great Britain because they were our #1 trading partner, but not with France.
What kind of interpretation of government did the Anti-federalists want?
The Anti-federalists wanted a strict interpretation of government and rules, so the government was not based off of wealth. They did not support strong centralized government because they feared the federal government would become too powerful.
Name people who were Anti-federalists and about them.
- Thomas Jefferson- Francoplile- likes the French.
- Sam Adams- realized he made a huge error.
- Jon Hancock
- Patrick Henry- firebrand.
What did the Anti-federalists write and why?
The Anti-federalists wrote the Federal Farmer that was opposed to ratifying the U.S Constitution.
What did the Anti-federalists support in government and why?
The Anti-federalists supported strong state governments and wanted individual rights because they didn’t want the federal government to be too powerful.
What were the Anti-federalists worried about?
The Anti-federalists were worried that the states would lose power with the growth of the government’s power.
What kind of bank did the Anti-Federalists want?
The Anti-federalists wanted state banks with no oversight.
What kind of tax did the Anti-federalists not want?
The Anti-federalists did not want any tariffs.
Who did the Anti-federalists want the policies to favor?
The Anti-federalists wanted policies favorable to small farmers and skilled workers, such as Blacksmiths and Carpenters.
Who did the Anti-federalists want to control the government?
The Anti-federalists wanted the government to be controlled by ordinary citizens, middle class citizens, or farmers.
Who did the Anti-federalists want to have strong ties with? Who not?
The Anti-federalists wanted to have strong ties with France because they helped us during the American Revolution, supplying weapons, but not a strong tie with Britain.
When the states began to ratify the Constitution, what happened?
The Federalists started to gain favor. (Home run- got what they wanted)
Who was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution and what happened then?
New Hampshire ratified the Constitution in June 1788, so it was adopted. However, there were four states who had not ratified the document yet and the Founder’s wanted all the states to ratify the Constitution, so there was no Civil War and there was not divide in the country.
What state(s) did the Federalists need the ratify? Why? How?
The Federalists needed New York and Virginia because Virginia was the most populous state and if New York didn’t approve the Constitution, it would create a wedge between the North and the South. Lastly, their failure to ratify would reduce the new union by two large, populated, wealthy states and would geographically splinter the country. Hamilton, Madison, and Jay wanted to make sure the people of NY demanded the state to ratify the Constitution.
What was the order of ratification for the last 4 states?
- Virginia in 1789
- New York in 1789
- North Carolina in 1790
- Rhode Island in 1790
What did not it matter that North Carolina and Rhode Island didn’t ratify the Constitution until a year later?
It did not matter because the Constitution had already been ratified by 9 states.
Who was the last state to ratify the Constitution and what needed to be added?
The last state to ratify the Constitution was Rhode Island and Rhode Island refused to sign the Bill of Rights until it was assured that the Bill of Rights would be added.
What is the Dinner Compromise? Explain. How did Jefferson benefit?
The Compromise of 1790 was between Alexander Hamilton (F.), Thomas Jefferson (A-F), and James Madison (F). To satisfy the anti-federalists, the Bill of Rights would be added and James Madison came to a compromise and would write the Bill of Rights to ensure the government could not take advantage of an individual. Alexander Hamilton got Thomas Jeffersons approval to allow the National Bank to be created and Alexander Hamilton got to write the Economic Plan. Lastly, Thomas Jefferson wanted the Capital to be in his home state of Virginia, but the three compromised and the Capital would be cut out of Maryland and Virginia. That would be called Washington D.C (District of Columbia) that is not a state, so not one state is more powerful than another. Jefferson benefitted by getting bragging rights. (Compromise- Country over Party)
What do the Federalist Papers state? Aimed at?
The Federalist Papers state that the Constitution was fantastic and it did not need to be changed. Also, the Papers were aimed at the Anti-Federalists to support ratifying the Constitution or people who were on the fence and had made no decision.
Explain this quote from John Jay- “Nothing is more certain than the indispensable necessity of government, and it is equally undeniable, that whenever and however it is instituted, the people must cede to it some of their natural rights in order to vest it with requisite powers.”
This quote by John Jay explains that government is needed and it is true, that whenever and however it is put in place, the people will have to give up our rights for the good of the whole.
Explain this quote from Alexander Hamilton- “The proposed Constitution, so far from implying an abolition of the State governments, makes them constituent parts of the national sovereignty, by allowing them a direct representation in the Senate, and leaves in their possession certain exclusive and very important portions of sovereign power. This fully corresponds, in every rational import of the terms, with the idea of a federal government.”
This quote by Alexander Hamilton explains to the Anti-federalists to not worry because the states with have power in the Senate. (The States are part of the national government- Senate and H.O.R.) - Checks and Balances- all branches are co-equal , they get to approve, and have their own jobs. IMPORTANT- NOT DISCUSSING THE POWER OF THE HOUSE!!
Explain this quote by James Madison- “But the most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of property. Those who hold and those who are without property have ever formed distinct interests in society. “
This quote by James Madison explains no matter how rich or how poor, this government represents everyone or all the people. Distribution of Property- Money/Finances.
