History T4 Finals Flashcards
After WWII
- USSR +USA 2 nations emerged as world’s superpowers
- germany divided to 4 zones by Allies
- division of Germany decided by allied leader at yalta conference
- exact borders decided at potsdam conference
- french, British + USA zones united to create democratic nation of west germany
Tensions between the USA and USSR
- issue of soviet occupation raised at Yalta conference
- Stalin refused to budge, claimed he was protecting USSR’s border
- little could be done as soviet troops already stationed in Eastern European countries
- USA developed atomic bomb, no longer rely on soviets to help defeat Japan
- old tensions between west and soviets resurfaced.
The iron curtain
- speech by stalin claimed capitalism was a threat to world peace and stated he woulddefend the USSR by creation of modern weaponry
- USA’s response was to adopt policy of containment
Start of the cold war
- cold war officially began
- conflict between the USA+Allies and USSR+allies
- capitalist west vs communist east
- both sides trying to extend their influence around the world
USSR + Soviet satellites
political: socialism
economic: communism
goals: spread communism globally
organization: warsaw pact
USA + western democracies
political: democracy
ecomonic: capitalism
goals: stop spread pf communism + collapse it
organization: nato
The cold war (communism)
- no private person shpuld be allowed to profit from work of citizens
- all profit goes to the state
- fairness and equality for all
- controlled economy
- lower standard of living but all equal
The cold war (capitalism)
- any person free to start business + employ people
- any profit made result of hard work
- oppotunity for all
- democracy
- free economy
- higher standard of living but gap between rich nd poor
The berlin blockade
- june 1948-may 1949
- due to economic chaos USA, France and British zones decided to join together to create west Germany with a single currency
- idea of a strong west Germany alarmed Stain
- He blockaded the western zones in berlin 150km by cutting off all routes to west berlin
- resulted in 2mil berliners requiring 4000 thousand tons of food + fuel per day
The berlin airlift
- Harry s. Truman flew food + medicine to the west of berlin
- over 11 months, US + British pilots flew over 277 000 missions to west, 8000 supplies per day
Airlift facts
- blockade lasted 318 days (11months)
- 1948-49 berliners lived off dried potatoes, powdered eggs + cans of meat
- berliners only had 4 hours of electricity a day
- plane landed every 3 min
- some pilots dropped sweets and chocolates for the children
- american airmen regulated as heroes
Results of the Berlin blockade
C- cold war got worse, almost started hot war
E-east and west Germany, Germany split up
N-nato and warsaw pact, western allies set nato up as a defensive alliance against USSR
A-arms race, USA +USSR realised they were in competition for world domination
Berlin uprising
- demonstrations in east berlin and east Germany
- different working+living conditions between east and west
- demonstartions: political + economic freedom, union with west berlin, end to communism,soviet troops to withdraw
Soviet demands
west should:
- regonise east germany
- withdraw troops from west berlin
- hand access routes over to east German goverment
West germany
- prosperous due to capitalism
- attracted people from the east
- seen by user as infection in heart of communist germany
- wanted to prevent USSR from gaining control of east berlin
- wanted to unite + create a democratic germany
