History - Russia - AOS1 Flashcards
Tsarism
Monarchy
…the country had so radically vomited up the monarchy that it could not ever crawl down the people’s throat again
Historiography - Trotsky
Tsarism
Monarchy
…the country had so radically vomited up the monarchy that it could not ever crawl down the people’s throat again
Historiography - Trotsky
Tsarism
Vs Europe
Tsarism enjoyed an incomparably greater degree of independence than European absolutism which had grown out of estate monarchy.
Historiography - Trotsky
Tsarism
Collapse - 1
…the collapse of tsarism, while not improbable, was certainly not inevitable
Historiography - Pipes
Tsarism
Collapse - 2
…while the collapse of tsarism was not inevitable, it was made likely by deep-seated cultural and political flaws that prevented the tsarist regime from adjusting to the economic and cultural growth of the country, flaws that proved fatal under the pressure generated by World War I
Historiography - Pipes
Tsarism
Intelligentsia
Whatever grievances they may have harboured - real and fancified - the ‘masses’ neither needed nor desired a revolution; the only group interested in it was the intelligentsia. Stress on alleged popular discontent and class conflict derives more from ideological preconceptions than from the facts at hand - namely from the discredited Marxist theory that political developments are always and everywhere driven by class conflict
Historiography - Pipes
Tsarism
Worst Enemy
The tsarist autocracy was the worst enemy of the people.
Historiography & Primary - CPSU
Tsarism
Prisoner Of Nations
Tsarist Russia was a prisoner of nations.
Historiography & Primary - CPSU
Tsarism
Hangman
Tsardom was a hangman and torturer of the non-Russian peoples.
Historiography & Primary - CPSU
Tsarism
Stupidity
The tsarist regime’s downfall was not inevitable; but its own stupidity made it so
Historiography - Figes
Tsarism
Fell Not Overthrown
For the Romanov regime fell under the weight of its own internal contradictions. It was not overthrown.
Historiography - Figes
Tsarism
Nicholas
Nicholas was the source of all the problems. If there was a vacuum of power at the centre of the ruling system, then he was the empty space. In a sense, Russia gained in him the worst of both worlds: a Tsar determined to rule from the throne yet quite incapable of exercising power
Historiography - Figes
Russo- Japanese War
Impact On Tsar’S Strength
The tsarist government reckoned that the war would help to strengthen its political position and to check the revolution. But it miscalculated. The tsarist regime was shaken more than ever by the war.
Historiography - CSPU
Russo- Japanese War
Guns Vs Icons
On the news that the Tsar had sent the troops icons to boost their morals, General Dragomirov quipped: ‘The Japanese are beating us with machine-guns, but never mind: we’ll beat them with icons.
Historiography - Figes
Russo- Japanese War
Tsarism Totter
The Russo-Japanese war had made tsarism totter . . . The workers had organised independently of the bourgeoisie in the soviets.
Historiography - Trotsky
1905
Broken Ribs
Although with a few broken ribs, Tsarism came out of the experience of 1905 alive and strong enough
Historiography - Trotsky
1905
Controlled By People
The Russian revolution showed once more that people are not ruled by rifles, guns and battleships: in the final analysis, rifles, guns, and battleships are controlled by people.
Historiography - Trotsky
1905
Bolsheviks Course
The Bolsheviks took as their course the extension of the revolution, the overthrow of tsardom by armed uprising, the hegemony of the working class, the isolation of the Constitutional-Democratic bourgeoisie, an alliance with the peasantry, the formation of a provisional revolutionary government consisting of representatives of the workers and peasants, the victorious completion of the revolution.
Historiography - CSPU
1905
Institution Vs Attitudes
The 1905 Revolution substantially altered Russia’s political institutions, but it left political attitudes untouched.
Historiography - Pipes
1905
Aggravated Problem
The 1905 Revolution not only failed to resolve Russia’s outstanding problem - estrangement between rulers and ruled - but aggravated it.
Historiography - Pipes
1905
Breathing Spell
In the end, Russia had gained nothing more than a breathing spell.
Historiography - Pipes
1905
Father Gapon
It was ironic but somehow fitting that the 1905 Revolution should have been started by an organisation dreamed up by the tsarist regime itself. No-one believed more than Father Gapon in the bond between Tsar and people
Historiography - Figes
1905
Put The Clock Back
…although the regime succeeded in restoring order, it could not hope to put the clock back. 1905 had changed society for good. Many of the younger comrades of 1905 were the elders of 1917. They were inspired by its memory and instructed by its lessons
Historiography - Figes
Bloody Sunday
Faith In Tsar
The streets of St. Petersburg ran with workers’ blood. January 9 (22) came to be known as ‘Bloody Sunday’: On that day the workers received a bloody lesson. It was their faith in the tsar that was riddled by bullets on that day. They came to realize that they could win their rights only by struggle
Historiography - CSPU
