History revision Flashcards
Why were civilians affected by what happened in the war?(Home front)
Rationing(less pleasure)
Many were killed
Bombing campaign-u boats and zeppelins
Females-women were allowed to work durning the war as men had to fight and after the war they were given equality and rights to vote and work
Conscription as not enough people volunteered
Minister of munitions
Lloyd george
Rationing
The setting of limits to essential goods
Why were the government so concerned about flour and bread?
As they were staple parts of the British diet and many on the western front relied on them
Why were the government reluctant to make rationing compulsory in 1917
As the civilian population were already unhappy with the cost of goods,poor wages
Why did he government release a leaflet of the consequences of breaking the rationing rules
It was meant to act as a guide to help the government find the people and for them to learn a lesson
Christmas truce
Germans and English made a truce
They played football and games and exchanged gifts from their country
Sang christmas carols on christmas eve
How long did the battle of the Somme last
141 days
When did the battle of the Somme start
1st July 1916
Zeppelin
Rigid airship named after German invented Ferdinand von zeppelin
Civilian
Person not in armed services of police forces
Dora
Defence of the realm act designes to help prevent envision and keep homeland morale at a high.it imposed of journalism and letter coming home from the front line
Tot
Total war
Military conflict where nations mobilise all available resources to destroy another nations ability to engage in wwas
Munitions crisis
Shortage of artillery shells on the front line in ww1
Coalition government
Government formed by more than one political party.parties may decide to start one if there is a hung government
Womens land
Army of women who worked the land in replacement for man power shortage
Nine-penny loaf
Bread was sold at a reduced rate(subsidised rate)
U boats
German submarines on a mission to destroy merchant vessels
Commander in chief of British army
Sir Douglas haig
What did haig believe the battle would achieve
Relief of french forces at Verdun
What was used to try cut German barbed wire
Bombardment artillery shells
Why could the french not help the British
They were stuck in another battle
How did the Germans know the British were planning to attack
They saw them cutting the barbed wire weeks before
What was wrong with the British artillery
They had duds that failed to explode
How’d the Germans keep safe from the British artillery
Hid in shelters underground
Why were the British soldiers not good at fighting
They weren’t experienced
Why were the British army not helped by their tanks
The tanks were useless/armour wasn’t great
Why did the planes not see that the enemy guns were still there
Clouds,fog
Why was the German armed wire a problem
It was easy to get stuck in
How many British soldiers died on the first day
21,000
How long did the battle of the Somme last
141 days
For wat reasons did unionists fight
To keep the union with Britain
And to prevent home rule as if there was a free Ireland catholics may shut down Protestant churches
Why were the unionists worried about going to France
While they were there the Germans may go fight Ireland why they were away and government may bring in home rule
Why did Kitchener want ulster volunteers in his army
They wanted to fight and were good at it
Why did Edward Carson want to keep ulster unionists together
He wanted them as a team
For what reasons would nationalists want to fight
To unite Ireland and Northern Ireland
They were also told by priests to fight for catholic Belgium
How many men volunteered in 1914
3 million
Why did the government introduce conscription in 1916
Not enough men were volunteering
For what reasons were men exempt from fighting in the war?
If they were the sole providers for their children,if they were already engages in war work,religious beliefs
What roles did these men carry out
Non combative roles for the army instead of fightng
Why did the government put redmonds face on a recruiting poster?
Irish nationalists trusted him
Why would the government not want to keep national volunteers as a unit
As the government may decide to bring in home rule and the nationalists would fight against them
How were the men that didn’t fight portrayed
As ‘conchies’ cowards,lazy men who shirked their duty to fight while others died
Censorship
Controlling information through letters or the press
Propaganda
Information put out bu government with a particular message involving opinion
Stalemate
Situation where neither side can win
Western front
Belgium
France
Eastern front
Austria hungary
Consription
When forced to join the war
Conscientious objectors
You don’t believe in war/ think that war isn’t that right thing
Trench life
Trench foot
Shell shock
Pneumonia
Rats
Pee and poo all over the ground
Lice
Why the battle of the Somme was a failure
Haig used old fashioned
Followed policy of attrition/careless
Soldiers weren’t experienced
German trenches were better
Their artillery didn’t work
