History pt. 2 Flashcards
The region known as the “Powder Keg of Europe”
The Balkans
Who Asked for the armistice on 11/11?
Germany, The German Military
The event that sparked WW1
The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
America’s first major battle in WW1
Battle of Belleau Wood
The Causes of WW1 (M.A.I.N)
Militarism: aggressive military preparedness. value in military ideals
Alliances: a bond, connections, between nations, groups, or association to further common interests
Imperialism: Seizure of a country by another country for power and money; controlling weaker countries in order to gain something for a bigger country
Nationalism: Pride in ones own nation; exalting one nation or ethnic group above all others; national identity; the ideology that one ethnic group has its own nation apart from other groups.
Painted the ceilings of the Sistine Chapel, and St.Peter’s cathedral in the Vatican
Michelangelo
What is Vernacular? What is its importance in the context of the Renaissance?
Common Everyday speech; Allows everyone to read and interpret for themselves instead of blind dependence on others for interpretations or meanings such as the Catholic Church. Many bibles were written in vernacular so different groups could read and understand.
Religious reformer who held strong belief in the ideal of predestination.
John Calvin
religious reformer who posted the 95 theses on the door of the Wittenberg church, 95 theses is also his most well known writing
Martin Luther
What were the Main Causes of the French Revolution?
National debt of France, Extravagant spending, The Estates General, Enlightenment Ideals, and Louis XVI.
The most famous poet of the Renaissance
William Shakespeare
Rich, Italian family from Florence Italy that RULED BEHIND THE SCENES and commissioned portraits of themselves.
The Medici Family
The Democratic Principle(s?) that the Americans and French fought for during their revolutions
Enlightenment Ideals: Constitutionalism, Equality under the law, POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY and Separation of Powers
How did the American Revolution influence the French Revolution?
The French saw through the American Revolution that revolt could be successful, the American Revolution inspired the French to wage their own revolt and the debt they incurred. INSPIRED BY DEMOCRACY AND POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
The scientific theory that involves the Sun at the center of the solar system
Heliocentric Theory
Scientist who had made many breakthroughs in physics. Explained the theory of gravity.
Issac Newton
How the US helped Britain without joining the fight during WWII
The Lend-Lease Act
City that Japan invaded after aligning itself with Italy and Germany, for minerals and oil.
Manchuria, China
The event that started WWII
Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939
Liberation of Europe began with..
The invasion of D-Day/Operation Overlord
Pacific Victory that ended the Japanese threat to Hawaii
Battle of Midway
Truman’s reasons for dropping the atomic bomb:
1st on Hiroshima
2nd Nagasaki
He thought it would be the quickest end to the war, less american casualties and best way to make Japan surrender.
Minority group that sent secret codes in the Pacific that were unintelligible to the Japanese but were able to be understood y American troops working with this group.
The Navajos
The minority group of African American men who flew fighter planes during WWII
The Tuskugee Airmen
Minority group who worked in the workforce (factories, men’s jobs) back home during WWII
Women
Purpose of Geneva Convention
provided the rules stating that captives must be treated humanely at all times
The name of Hitler’s solution to eliminate Jews from Europe
Final Solution
The government’s policy of removing Japanese Americans from the west coast to send them to internment camps
Japanese Internment
How the US controlled info during WWII
Censorship
“A date that will live on in infamy”- President Roosevelt
Pearl Harbor: December 7th, 1941
WORLD WAR 2:
AXIS….
ALLIES….
Axis: Germany, Italy, and Japan
Allies: US, France, Britain, Soviet Union
WORLD WAR 1:
Triple Alliance –> Central Powers:
Triple Entente —> Allied Powers:
Triple Alliance/Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente/Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russia
The trials that judged the crimes of Nazi Leaders was Held in Nuremberg, Germany
Nuremberg Trials
Supreme Commander of U.S. forces in Europe
General Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dictator of Italy
Benito Mussolini
Last Major Battle of the Pacific that took place on the island south of Japan
Okinawa
Suicide fighter pilots used by Japan
Kamikaze Pilots
responsible for leading Britain to victory in WWII, did not tolerate Hitler and despised appeasement
Winston Churchill
Dictator of Germany and leader of the Nazi Party, responsible for WWII and the Holocaust
Adolf Hitler
Communist dictator of the Soviet Union during WWII
Joseph Stalin
Decisive battle in German invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany broke the non-aggression pact and turned the Soviet Union into an enemy
Stalingrad
Japanese general and prime minister during World War II
Hideki Tojo
Emperor of Japan during WWII, had no power
Hirohito
“Lighting Wars” type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces in WWII
Blitzkreig
a bloody and prolonged operation in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders; STATUE OF SOLDIERS HOLDING UP THE AMERICAN FLAG
Iwo Jima
