History & Politics Flashcards
1
Q
Who is the chancellor of Germany?
A
Angela Merkel
2
Q
Who is the chancellor of Austria?
A
Sebastian Kurz
3
Q
Who is the prince of Liechtenstein?
A
Hans-Adam II
4
Q
Who is the crown prince of Liechtenstein?
A
Alois
5
Q
Who is the head of government of Liechtenstein?
A
Adrian Hasler
6
Q
Who is the federal president of Germany?
A
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
7
Q
Who is the federal president of Austria?
A
Alexander Van der Bellen
8
Q
After the Second World War, what fraction of Germany was removed from its territory?
A
One-fourth (A quarter of it’s territory was lost)
9
Q
How many parts was Germany divided into after the Second World War and who controlled each of those parts?
A
4 parts; US, USSR, France, Great Britain
10
Q
In 1948, what plan did the US enact to help Germany out of its economic crisis?
A
The Marshall Plan
11
Q
What was the capital of West Germany and how many Bundesländer composed it?
A
Bonn and 11
12
Q
How many members are in the Bundesrat?
A
69
13
Q
How many members are in the Bundestag?
A
622
14
Q
What is the major industrial component of West Berlin?
A
Electronic Components
15
Q
Name the three castles built by Ludwig II in Bavaria.
A
Neuschwanstein, Linderhof, Herrenchiemsee
16
Q
What German-American drew the first Santa Claus as we know him today?
A
Thomas Nast
17
Q
Who was the father of the Atomic Bomb?
A
Robert Oppenheimer
18
Q
Where are these three famous people buried? The Three Wise Men, Händel, Karl der Große (Charlemagne)? (respectively)
A
Köln, Westminster Abbey, Aachen
19
Q
Name the three castles Ludwig II built and name the one he never completed.
A
Linderhof, Herrenchiemsee, Neuschwanstein (not completed)
20
Q
What famous historical event is performed in Rothenburg ob der Tauber?
A
Meistertrunk
21
Q
In what year did Switzerland unite?
A
1291
22
Q
What are the four official languages of Switzerland?
A
Romansch, Italian, French, German
23
Q
When did Switzerland adopt a policy of neutrality?
A
1815
24
Q
In which castle did Martin Luther translate the bible into German?
A
die Wartburg
25
Who wrote Die Kritik der reinen Vernunft?
Immanuel Kant
26
Who argued that human knowledge comes from experience?
Immanuel Kant
27
Who argued that the laws of morality should be obeyed regardless of personal consequences?
Immanuel Kant
28
Which philosopher lived from 1724-1804?
Immanuel Kant
29
Who believed that life was a drama of endless strife and suffering?
Arthur Schopenhauer
30
Which philosopher lived from 1788-1860?
Arthur Schopenhauer
31
Who believed that suffering could be relieved by renouncing desire and negating the will?
Arthur Schopenhauer
32
Which philosopher believed that suffering could be relieved by contemplation of fine arts?
Arthur Schopenhauer
33
Who wrote Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung?
Arthur Schopenhauer
34
Who had a special interest in history?
Georg Friedrich Hegel
35
Who saw history as a reflection of God's will?
Georg Friedrich Hegel
36
Who believed that God's will was revealed through progressions of changes resulting from conflict between opposing forces in society?
Georg Friedrich Hegel
37
Who believed that the thesis and the antithesis clash to create a new stage in social evolution called the synthesis?
Georg Friedrich Hegel
38
Who applied Hegel's philosophy to economics?
Karl Marx
39
Who concluded that communism is the economic synthesis that Hegel talked about?
Karl Marx
40
Who believed that management and labor were the thesis and antithesis in economics?
Karl Marx
41
Who wrote Das Kapital?
Karl Marx
42
Which philosopher lived from 1818-1883?
Karl Marx
43
Which philosopher lived from 1770-1831?
Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel
44
Who wrote Also sprach Zarathustra?
Friedrich Nietzsche
45
Who wrote Jenseits von Gut und Böse?
Friedrich Nietzsche
46
Who attacked Christianity as something that represses the creativity of man by forcing a mold upon us?
Friedrich Nietzsche
47
Who believed that the source of all creativity is a will to power?
Friedrich Nietzsche
48
Who believed that the hope of mankind lies in the emergence of the Übermensch?
Friedrich Nietzsche
49
Which philosopher lived from 1844-1900?
Friedrich Nietzsche
50
Whose work led to calculus and symbolic logic?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
51
Whose work was mainly in the fields of mathematics and philosophy?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
52
Who believed that everything is in this world for the best?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
53
Who believed that man should be satisfied with what he has?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
54
Whose philosophy consists of the idea of the categorical imperative?
Immanuel Kant
55
Immanuel Kant describes the confinement of human understanding in which book?
Die Kritik der reinen Vernunft
56
In which book does Immanuel Kant describe his idea of the categorical imperative?
Der Kritik der praktischen Vernunft
57
Which philosophy states that man should fulfill his duty regardless of the consequences?
categorical imperative/kategorischen Imperativs
58
Whose philosophy was based on historical development and a summary of all existing theories and ideas?
Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel
59
Who is recognized as the author of the history of philosophy?
Georg Friedrich Wilhelm Hegel
60
Who was known as the pessimistic philosopher?
Arthur Schopenhauer
61
Who wrote in prose style and stated that uncomprehending will was the final human reality?
Arthur Schopenhauer
62
Which German-born politician played an important role (Secretary of the Interior) in America during the time of Lincoln?
Carl Schurz
63
Who was the founder of freedom of the press in America?
Peter Zenger
64
In which city was Albrecht Dürer born?
Nürnberg/Nuremburg
65
Which German scientist isolated the tuberculosis bacterium?
Robert Koch
66
Which area near Philadelphia was founded by Germans?
Germantown
67
Who invented the oil motor?
Rudolf Diesel
68
Who is the father of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
69
Who is known as the father of the German language for translating the Bible into German?
Martin Luther
70
Where is the oldest German university?
Heidelberg
71
Which city is famous for the production of Marzipan?
Lübeck
72
Who was the most powerful Prussian king of the 18th century?
Frederick the Great (Friedrich der Große)
73
Which philosopher wrote about a new race of super humans?
Frederich Nietzsche
74
On October 6, 1683, which settlement was founded?
Germantown
75
Who helped train American troops in the Revolutionary War in 1778?
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
76
In 1785, which treaty was signed between the King of Prussia and the United States?
Treaty of Amity and Commerce
77
Which 1787 document served as a model for the German Basic Law?
US Constitution
78
Which rally was held to demand an all German federal Constitution in 1832?
The Hambach Festival
79
What met in St Paul's Church in Frankfurt?
The first German National Assembly
80
In 1871, who became the German Kaiser of the German Reich?
Prussian King Wilhelm I
81
Who became Wilhelm I's chancellor?
Otto von Bismarck
82
When did the United States enter World War I?
April 6, 1917
83
In 1919, the National Assembly drew up a constitution for what nation?
The Weimar Republic
84
In 1933, which important change in leadership occurred, causing emigration to the United States?
Hitler became chancellor
85
Which action began World War II?
Hitler's invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939
86
When did Germany surrender unconditionally in World War II?
May 8, 1945
87
When was the coronation of Karl der Große?
800
88
When did the Berlin blockade begin?
June of 1948
89
When was the Thirty Years War?
1618-1648
90
What was the East Berlin workers' revolt?
June 17, 1953
91
What was the year of the inflation and Hitler's Putsch?
1923
92
When did das Heilige Römische Reich come to an end?
1806
93
When was die Hanse established?
Twelfth Century (1100's)
94
When did Hitler become Chancellor?
January 1933
95
When was the Berlin Wall built?
August 1961
96
When did Luther nail his 95 Theses to the church wall?
1517
97
The emperors (Kaiser) of which German nation had only a relatively small amount of power?
das Heilige Römische Reich
98
How long did the Heilige Römische Reich last?
nearly a 1000 years
99
Which emperor died in a crusade in the Holy land?
Friedrich I Barbossa
100
What was the league of Northern European nations in the 13th century?
die Hanse
101
What was the biggest German country in the 18th century?
Prussia
102
Who was Otto von Bismarck Chancellor under?
Wilhelm I
103
After the first world war, what was the capital of the German republic?
Weimer
104
Into how many zones did the second world war divide Germany?
Four
105
After the world wars, where did the German people buy all of their goods from?
The Black Market
106
What took place in Germany with the help of the Marshall Plan?
Die Wiederaufbau (reconstruction)
107
During the blockade, how did goods come into Germany?
Die Luftbrücke (airlift)
108
In the year 1949, the government in West Germany was called?
Bundesrepublik
109
How many Bundeslaender are in Germany?
16
110
What was the name of the government in East Germany?
die Deutsche Demokratische Republik
111
According to Marx, what would be the ultimate result of the struggle between the entrepreneurs and the work force?
Victory of the proletariats
112
Which philosopher lived from 1646-1716?
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
113
Whose reputation was mainly built from the work Der Untergang des Abendlandes?
Oswald Spengler
114
Who believed that every culture experiences rise and fall stages?
Oswald Spengler
115
Who believed that the culture of the West was in decline?
Oswald Spengler
116
Which two philosophers were part of probably the biggest philosophical movement in the 20th century and influenced people far beyond the philosophical world?
Karl Jaspers and Martin Heidegger
117
Which philosopher was born in Austria and made important contributions to the philosophy of language in his time?
Ludwig Wittgenstein
118
Who changed the printing press so that there were interchangeable metal parts?
Johannes Gutenberg
119
Whose life work was the print of the Latin Bible?
Johannes Gutenberg
120
Who discovered three laws of planetary motion that set the foundation for Newton's discovery about gravity?
Johannes Kepler
121
Who was first to support the heliocentric theory that Copernicus proposed?
Johannes Kepler
122
Who is viewed as the founder of modern-day geography?
Alexander von Humboldt
123
Whose name is associated with many geographic features in the American continents?
Alexander von Humboldt
124
Whose lab in the University of Giessen was world famous?
Justus von Liebig
125
Who dealt with the structure of organic substances?
Justus von Liebig
126
Whose work greatly enhanced research in agricultural chemistry?
Justus von Liebig
127
Who worked with physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff in spectral analysis?
Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
128
How big of a role did Robert Wilhelm Bunsen play in inventing the Bunsen burner?
a small one
129
Who founded modern research in bacteriology?
Robert Koch
130
Who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1905?
Robert Koch
131
Who named X-rays after himself?
Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen
132
Who made groundbreaking discoveries in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases?
Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen
133
Who won the first Nobel Prize for PHysics in 1901?
Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen
134
Who discovered that many diseases caused mental instead of physical disorders?
Sigmund Freud
135
Whose advances in psychoanalysis were very influential to not only medicine, but arts as well?
Sigmund Freud
136
Who discovered electromagnetic waves?
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
137
Whose advancements in physics led to developments in broadcasting, including TV and radar?
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
138
Whose research in thermodynamics led to the discovery of his revolutionary quantum theory in 1900 that paved the way for atomic research?
Max Planck
139
Who discovered that matter and energy occur in small, indivisible particles?
Max Planck
140
Who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1918?
Max Planck
141
Who patented the Diesel motor in 1892?
Rudolf Diesel
142
Which year did Albert Einstein discover the theory of relativity?
1905
143
Which year did Albert Einstein win the Nobel Prize for Physics?
1921
144
In which university was Albert Einstein active in when he came to the US?
Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton
145
Which three scientists discovered the nuclear fission of uranium in 1938?
Otto Hahn
Fritz Straßmann
Lise Meitner
146
In what year did Otto Hahn win the Nobel Prize for Chemistry?
1945
147
Who is known for playing a major role in rocket research in Germany and, after WWII, in the US?
Wernher von Braun
148
In what year did Wernher von Braun become a US citizen?
1955
149
Who oversaw the construction and launching of the first American satellite?
Wernher von Braun
150
Who developed a large rocket that allowed many successful American space trips, including to the moon?
Wernher von Braun
151
Who was the first president of the Weimar Republic?
Friedrich Ebert
152
Name the four dates in which German people sought to join as a nation and to have a Parliament
1848- Failure of Parliament
1871- United Germany
1919/1933- Weimar republic with Democratic Constitution
153
In which Latin-German dictionary is the oldest known record of written German located?
Abrogans
154
Who was crowned Emperor of the Romans in 800 A.D. in what is now France and Germany?
Charlemagne
155
What was Hitler's first attempt to take over the Bavarian government?
Bierhalle Putsch
156
Which leading author of the Enlightenment actually was better known for his critical essays on German literature such as the Hamburgische Dramaturgie, before he became known for his own writing?
Gotthold E. Lessing
157
What war began as a religious revolt in Bohemia in 1618?
30 Years War
158
Who was the military governor of the American occupation zone after World War II?
General Lucius Clay
159
Whose letter about Texas in 1832 inspired German immigration into Texas?
Friedrich Ernest
160
Who was the last Habsburg ruler in Austria?
Karl I (1916-1918) (Charles I)
161
German women were granted the right to vote in what year?
1918
162
In 1936 German troops were sent into a European country to fight on the side of the fascists. Name this conflict.
Spanish Civil War
163
What three wars led to the consolidation of the German states and the founding of the German Empire?
Danish War
Austro-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
164
During the Reaction of the Princes issued laws in 1918 that suppressed freedom of the press and academic freedom. Name them.
Karlsbad Decrees
165
Who discovered the diphtheria antitoxin?
Emil von Behring
166
Who discovered X-rays?
Röntgen
167
Who developed differential calculus?
Leibnitz
168
Whose cantatas, passion, and compositions had a great influence in music later on? He was born into a famous music family and lived from 1685-1750.
Johann Sebastian Bach
169
Which composer spent most of his life in England and is buried in Westminster Abbey?
Georg Friedrich Handel
170
Whose work in Baroque-style music was distinguishable by its melody and harmonic shaping?
Georg Friedrich Händel
171
Who is known for his oratory "Messiah" and for his "Water Music" and "Firework Music"?
Georg Friedrich Händel
172
Which composer's style caused music to shift from Baroque-style to Classical?
Franz Josef Haydn
173
Where did the Allied leaders determine Germany's future after World War II?
July 1945 Potsdam Conference
174
Which currency reform was born in 1948, along with the Marshall Plan?
Birth of the D-mark
175
In 1948, Americans used airlifts to break the Soviet blockade of which German city?
West Berlin
176
In 1949, which document was created which established the German government?
The German Constitution (Proclomation of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany on May 23.)
177
Who was elected chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in September 1949?
Konrad Adenauer
178
When was the GDR (German Democratic Republic) established?
October 7, 1949
179
In 1952, the Federal Republic pledged monetary restitution to who?
Holocaust victims in Israel
180
Soviet troops did what on June 17, 1953?
Stop uprisings in East Berlin and other GDR cities
181
What was the name of the vessel upon which the first German settlers to America sailed?
Concord
182
How many families came from Krefeld to America?
13
183
How long was the voyage from Krefeld to America?
75 days
184
In which American city did the settlers from Krefeld live?
Philadelphia
185
What Frankfurt lawyer founded Germantown, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia, in 1683?
Franz Daniel Pastorius
186
What famous father/son engineering team designed and built one of the most famous suspension bridges in the world, the Brooklyn Bridge?
Johann August Roebling and Washington Roebling
187
What German-American came to America as a lawyer and a farmer, supported Lincoln, served as Ambassador to Spain, as a major-general in the Union army, as a senator from Missouri, and as Secretary of the Interior?
Carl Schurz
188
What German-American was a wealthy businessman and built a famous chain of hotels?
John Jacob Astor
189
He trained the revolutionary troops for Washington at Valley Forge. He was the first Inspector General of the US Army. Who was he?
Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
190
He developed the Saturn-V missile that carried the first man to the moon in 1969. He was interned by the US as a rocket scientist in May, 1945. Who was he?
Wernher von Braun
191
Who was the famous woodcut artist of St. Louis?
Alfred Waud
192
Who was the editor of the Encyclopedia Americana and the founder of American political science?
Franz Lieber
193
Which German monarch was the first to conclude a treaty of commerce with the US?
Frederick II (the Great)
194
Who constructed the first planetarium in America?
David Rittenhouse
195
Who was known as the "home run king"?
Babe Ruth
196
Who constructed the first functioning electric light in 1854, but could not produce them?
Henrich Goebel
197
Who introduced the black board into the American classroom and published the first book on teaching?
Christopher Dock
198
What famous German-American invented the punch card system?
Hermann Hollerith
199
Who was the most famous German-American architect and the founder of the Bauhaus at Dessau?
Walter Gropius
200
What famous German-American invented the rotor engine in 1858?
Felix Wankel
201
Who first brewed beer in the colonies in 1642?
Eberhard Pels
202
What was Maria Ludwig Haye's nickname in the colonies?
Molly Pitcher
203
Who drew the most famous picture of Santa Claus?
Thomas Nast
204
Who established freedom of the press in the US?
Peter Zenger
205
Who made the first pair of blue jeans?
Levi Strauss
206
What famous German-American won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921?
Albert Einstein
207
Who invented the pneumatic brakes for trains?
George Westinghouse
208
Name the German who worked with gliders and heavier-than-air aircrafts, assisting in forging the way for the success of the Wright Brothers?
Otto Lilienthal
209
Who were the 2 German-American painters of the 19th century whow ere commissioned to paint works for the capitol in Washington?
Emanuel Gottlob Leutze and Albert Bierstadt
210
Who was the first German mystic who settled the town of Harmony, Pennsylvania?
George Rapp
211
Who painted the picture of Washington crossing the Delaware?
Emanuel Leutze
212
Name the founder of a colony in the Sacramento Valley where gold was discovered in 1848.
Johann Sutter
213
Who printed the first Bible in America in 1743?
Christopher Sauer
214
Who was expelled from Germany because he was the editor of a socialist newspaper and later became the mastermind of the General Electric company?
Charles Steinmetz
215
He was a famous American newspaper editor and radio broadcaster.
H. L. Mencken!
216
Who was the Lutheran clergyman who led a regiment of German volunteers in the Revolutionary War?
Peter Muhlenberg
217
Who founded the New York Oratorio and Symphony Societies?
Walter Damrosch
218
Who wrote a book about the advantages of Missouri soil and climate which induced thousands of Germans to settle there?
Gottfried Duden
219
What German aquired Manhattan Island from the Indians and later established it as New Amsterdam (now NYC)?
Peter Minnewit
220
In 1954, Germany's occupation status was terminated under which treaty?
Paris treaty
221
Who received the title of Honorary Doctor of music from Oxford University?
Franz Josef Haydn
222
Who started composing music from an exceptionally young age?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
223
Who traveled throughout Europe with his older sister and became known as a child prodigy?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
224
Who is the composer of Eine kleine Nachtmusik?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
225
Who was the composer of "Die Hochzeit des Figaro", "Don Giovannni", and "Die Zauberflöte"?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
226
Who is the composer of the opera "Fidelio"?
Ludwig van Beethoven
227
Which composer lost his hearing, but continued to compose?
Ludwig van Beethoven
228
Who is the composer of "An die Freude"?
Ludwig van Beethoven
229
Who was a famous composer in the period of transition from Classical to Romantic?
Carl Maria von Weber
230
Whose work "Der Freisch(ue)tz" laid the groundwork for romantic music and greatly influenced the work of Richard Wagner?
Carl Maria von Weber
231
Which composer made the best poems of his time more famous?
Franz Schubert
232
Who composed "Forellenquintett"?
Franz Schubert
233
What was the name of the first German-language newspaper in Texas?
Galveston Zeitung
234
Which German community was founded in 1846 under the leadership of Baron Ottfried Hans von Meusebach?
Fredericksburg
235
Who was the first commissioner-general of the Adelsverein?
Prince Solms von Braunfels
236
Which 2 men are the famous German-Texan painters and were known for their landscapes?
Lungwitz and Petri
237
What German-Texan is known as the father of Texas botany and was editor of the New Braunfels Zeitung in 1851?
F. Lindheimer
238
Who founded the first German town in Texas, Industry, in 1831?
Friedrich Ernst
239
Who established the first German-English school in Texas?
Hermann Seele in New Braunfels
240
Who succeeded Prince Solms von Braunfels?
Meusebach
241
What was the Adelsverein?
The Society for the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas
242
In 1854 a group of freethinkers and political extremists organized a town along Cypress Creek. Name it.
Comfort
243
Who was the first publisher of the new Braunfelser Zeitung?
Ferdinand Lindheimer
244
Name the land grant that the Adelsverein owned in West-Central Texas.
Fisher-Miller Grant
245
On what day was the town of New Braunfels founded?
Good Friday, 1845
246
Through which port did most Germans enter Texas?
Indianola
247
In order for the German settler to remain safe in Fredericksburg, Meusebach signed a peace treaty with what Native American tribe? In what year?
Comanche, 1847
248
What Germans loyal to the North tried to reach the Union by Mexico, they were massacred by Confederate forces. Name the battle.
battle of the Nueces
249
Name the popular novel about Texas which had great influence on the immigration of German-speaking Europeans to Texas. It was written by Charles Sealsfield.
The Cabin Book
250
In which year was the Adelsverein organized?
1842
251
Who was the Cat Spring descendant of the famous King Ranch?
Robert Justus Kleberg
252
Who wrote Texanische Lieder?
Hoffman von Fallersleben
253
The first German colony in Texas was located on the Colorado River. Who organized this colony?
Baron von Bastrop
254
In what year and in what city was the Order of the Sons of Hermann formed for the first time in Texas?
1861, San Antonio
255
Who laid out the town of Comfort and when?
Ernst Altgelt, 1854
256
What paleontologist surveyed Texas flora, fauna, and geology and published his book in 1849 entitled "Texas"?
Dr. Ferdinand Roemer
257
What German-Texan sculptress was commissioned by the state to do statues of Stephen F Austin and Sam Houston for the 1893 World's Fair?
Elisabet Ney
258
In what year and in what town did Jacob Brodbeck fly the first airplane?
1865; Luckenbach, Texas
259
What well-known writer visited Texas in 1853 and his descriptions are today the best evidence of German life in that time?
Frederick Law Olmstead (NYTIMES)
260
Who wrote the basic work on Texan immigration history, "The History of the German Settlements in Texas"?
Dr. Rudoph L. Biesele
261
What German-Texan doctor performed the first hysterectomy in the US and the first cataract surgery? He also set up the first licensing program for young doctors.
Dr. Ferdinand Herff
262
What 20th century German-Texan developed panoramic photography? He was the only person allowed to photograph George Patton's entire 14000-man 2nd Armored Division in WWII.
Eugene Goldbeck of San Antonio
263
What German-Texan family produced three generations of mapmakers, working as topographers for the state from 1856 to 1954?
The Von Rosenbergs
264
Which Texas city's voting population was 1/3 German in the 1850's?
San Antonio
265
In what century did the largest group of German farmers come to Texas?
19th
266
In what hotel and in what city did Teddy Roosevelt recruit his Rough Riders?
The Menger hotel Bar in San Antonio
267
What German-Texan manufactured the first canned chili con carne and tamales?
William Gebhardt
268
Among German-Texans are a 5-Star general and a 5-star admiral. Name them.
General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower; Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz
269
Where did the 1848 refugees from the German Revolution settle in Texas? They were well-educated and prominent Germans, often called "Latin farmers".
Sisterdale
270
Who was crowned emperor of the Romans in 800 AD by the Pope after uniting a European empire?
Karl der Grosse (or Charlemagne)
271
Who was crowned first Holy Roman Emperor?
Otto I
272
What is the German name for the Holy Roman Empire?
das Heilige Romamische Reich Deutscher Nation
273
Who invented movable type and the printing press?
Johannes Gutenberg
274
Who, in Mainz around 1450, printed the Latin Bible?
Johannes Gutenberg
275
Which political system became prominent in the Holy Roman Empire, creating classes of lords and less nobles?
Feudalism
276
Which famous German King was the ideal Christian knight, who died on the way to the Holy Land on the Third Crusade?
Friedrich I Barbarossa
277
Who shook the foundation of medieval thought by proposing that Earth was not the center of the universe, but rather it and other planets go around the sun?
Nicolaus Copernicus
278
Who further developed the ideas of Copernicus by preparing tales of the motions of planets?
Johannes Kepler
279
Who formulated three mathematical laws of planetary motion?
Johannes Kepler
280
From 1524-1525, what broke out due to Luther's ideas?
A Peasent Revolt
281
Which country emerged in the 18th century as the most prominent of several German states?
Prussia
282
Who made important discoveries in the chemistry of organic substances while working on the synthesis of indigo dye?
Adolf von Baeyer
283
What were the two relgious groups that formed in Germany in 1608-1609?
In the North- Protestant Union. South- Catholic Liga
284
Which German scientist received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1905 for his contribution to the development of the German chemical industry?
Adolf von Baeyer
285
Which war occured from 1618 to 1648 between Protestants and Catholics?
Thirty Years' war
286
Which German scientist isolated and identified the tuberculosis bacillus and developed the tuberculin test?
Robert Koch
287
Who became Prussian king in 1740? He was known as an enlightened despot, who supported arts and literature.
Friedrich II, or Friedrich der Grosse
288
Who developed a technique for staining bacteria on microscope slides so they could be observed with greater clarity? He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1905.
Robert Koch
289
Who led the French imperial armies to overrun Germany, defeating the Holy Roman Empire in 1806?
Napoleon
290
Which German scientist discovered the penetrating qualities of X rays in 1895 almost by accident and thus received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1901?
Wilhelm Roentgen
291
Who set the stage for the development of psychology and psychiatry in the 1900s?
Sigmund Freud
292
Which war lasted from 1870-1871, resulting in France's defeat, consolidating the German states under the leadership of Wilhelm I?
The Franco-Prussian War
293
Who was WilhelmI's Reinchskanzler?
Otto von Bismarck
294
Who succeeded Wilhelm I in 1888? He played an active role in world affairs, and removed Bismarck in 1890
Wilhelm II
295
In what city was Charles the Great born?
Aachen
296
At the end of WW2 what river and what city were near the meeting place for the Soviets coming from the east and the Americans coming from the west?
die Elbe, Torgau
297
Who introduced the concepts of psychoneurosis, the Oedipus complex, the unconscious, the id, the ego, and the superego to clinical psychology?
Sigmund Freud
298
Who founded psychoanalysis, a method of treating certain psychological disorders by uncovering the unconscious sources of the patient's distress?
Sigmund Freud
299
Who discovered the existence of electromagnetic waves and thereby laid the foundations for the development of radio, TV, and radar?
Heinrich Rudolph Hertz
300
Who introduced the quantum theory in 1900?
Max Planck
301
Where did Hitler march on November 9, 1923?
Munich Rathaus
302
What was the original name of the Nazi Party?
German Workers Party
303
What was Hitler's regime called?
The third Reich (or das Dritte Reich)
304
Who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918, and today there are 38 institutions in West Germany named after him.
Max Planck
305
What was the real currency of the post WWII era?
cigarettes
306
What were the occupation zones in Germany called?
Besatzungszonen
307
Who strongly influenced modern physics by establishing a theory of relativity that created new concepts of space, time, mass, motion, and gravitation?
Albert Einstein
308
What was the West Germany period of reconstruction called?
Wiederaufbau
309
In what two years were the Winter Olympics held in Innsbruck?
1964, 1976
310
Who established the convertibility of matter and energy, which provided the basis for the development of atomic energy.
Albert Einstein
311
Who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921?
Albert Einstein
312
Which scientist left Germany in 1933 and spent the rest of his life in the US?
Albert Einstein
313
What was the currency reform of June 1948?
Wahrungsreform
314
What was the new official currency?
Deutsche Mark (DM)
315
What was the economic miracle that was accomplished in the decades following 1948 spurred by United States aid via the Marshall plan?
Wirtschaftswunder
316
How many Lander and Freistadte composed the Bundesrepublik?
8 lander and 3 Freistadte
317
What are the two houses that compose the German parliament?
Bundesrat and Bundestag
318
Which two political parties emerged in West Germany?
CDU und SPD
319
Who was the initial leader of East Germany?
Walter Ulbricht
320
Who replaced Walter Ulbricht as leader of East Germany?
Erich Honecker
321
What is die Besatzung?
the military occupation
322
What is die Blockade?
Soviet stoppage of surface transporation between West Germany and Berlin
323
What is der Bund
union or confederation
324
What is die Burg
castle or fortification
325
What is der Eiserne Vorhang?
The iron curtain
326
What is die Waffenstillstand
The armistice
327
What was die Luftbrucke?
Transportation of goods into Berlin during the blockade
328
What was die Mauer?
The berlin wall
329
In what year did the two Germanies become members of the UN?
1973
330
Who was the mayor of Berlin who late became Chancellor?
Willy Brandt
331
What war was started with the murder of Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand of Austria?
Word War I
332
Give the name if the emperor of Germany in 1871?
Kaiser Wilhelm I
333
Where was Mozart born?
Salzburg
334
What famous composer was born in Salzburg?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
335
Give the official name for Germany
Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
336
Give the official name for the former East Germany
Die Deutsche Demokratische Republik
337
Who is known as the Vienese Waltz King?
Johann Strauss
338
When did World War 2 end in Europe?
May 8, 1945
339
When did World War 2 begin?
September 1, 1939
340
What country did Germany invade to begin WW 2?
Poland
341
What famous American said "Ich bin ein Berliner"?
John F. Kennedy
342
Who was known as the Iron Chancellor?
Otto von Bismark
343
Where was Goethe born?
Frankfurt
344
What is the German name for NSDAP?
Nationalsozialistiche Deutsche Arbeiterpartei
345
How many members are there in the Federal Council?
41
346
What kind of government does the DDR have in contrast to the BRD?
A central government
347
Of the 15 administrative districts, how many deputies are there?
500
348
Which two parties are particularly important?
CDU (Christlich-Demokratische Union)
| SPD (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands)
349
Who was the first chancellor of Germany?
Konrad Adenauer (1949-1963)
350
Who was the second and third chancellor of Germany that were from the CDU party, respectively?
```
Ludwig Erhard (1963)
Kurt Kiesinger (1966)
```
351
Who was the first chancellor from the SPD?
Willy Brandt
352
When did Brandt win the Nobel Prize for Peace?
1971
353
Who succeeded Willy Brandt?
Helmut Kohl
354
What party controlled East Germany before reunification?
SED (Sozialiistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands)
355
Who were the first and second secretaries of the SED?
```
Walter Ulbricht (1945)
Erich Honecker (1971)
```
356
When was the Berlin Wall built?
13. August 1961
357
When the Soviet Union cut off supplies to West Berlin, how did the people survive?
The US flew in necessities for the people of West Berlin
358
What happened on June 17th 1953?
There was a strike in opposition of communism
359
From 1949-1961 how many people fled the East?
1 800 000
360
When did the Berlin Wall fall?
9. November 1989
361
Who were the Hohenzollern?
A ruling dynasty of Brandenburg, Prussia, and Germany from 1415-1918
362
What was the Marshall Plan?
A European recovery program in which the US would spend billions of dollars to help rebuild Western Europe after WWII
363
When was German reunification?
3 October 1990
364
When was the Deutschmark introduced?
1 July 1990
365
Why did Germans from the East go to embassies of West Germany in Prague, Budapest, and Warsaw?
To flee East Germany
366
Who was the unified nation's first chancellor?
Helmut Kohl
367
Who was the first chancellor of Germany?
Konrad Adenauer (1949-1963)
368
What party controlled East Germany before reunification?
SED (Sozialiistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands)
369
When was German reunification?
3 October 1990
370
When was the Deutschmark introduced?
1 July 1990
371
On October 9, 1989, which famous protest occured in Leipzig?
Wir sind das Volk
372
Who replaced Erich Honecker as leader of East Germany?
Egon Krenz
373
On November 7, 1989, what happened in East Germany?
The government resigned
374
When was the Berlin Wall opened?
November 9, 1989
375
Who created the ten point program leading to German unity?
Chancellor Helmut Kohl of West Germany
376
What happened on April 12, 1990?
The first and last free elections are held in East Germany
377
Who was elected as the Prime minister of the GDR in 1990?
Lothar de Maiziere
378
Which treaty was signed on May 18, 1990?
The Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic Establishing a Monetary Economic and Social Union
379
What happened on July 1, 1990?
The two German countries became a monetary, economic, and social union.
380
When was the Unification Treaty signed?
August 31, 1990
381
When were the first all German elections to the Bundestag held?
December 2, 1990
382
Give teh German name of Otto's Holy Roman Empire.
das Heilige Römische Reich Deutscher Nation
383
Which Hapsburg was assassinated in Sarajavo, Bosnia, in 1914, precipitating WWI?
Archduke Francis Ferdinand
384
What is the term of office for the Federal President of Germany?
5 jahre
385
This native of Bavaria came to California in the Gold Rush, but became rich for producing denim workpants. Name him.
Levi Strauss
386
Name the historic border crossing point between Soviet and American sectors of Berlin.
Checkpoint Charlie
387
When invading Poland, Germany combined massive airstrikes with fast moving mechanized ground forces to defeat the enemy in a short amount of time. What are these tactics called?
Blitzkrieg
388
Who was the first president of the Federal Republic of Germany?
Theodor Heuss
389
Who ended the Holy Roman Empire in 1806?
Napoleon Bonaparte
390
Which German city was founded by the Romans as Augusta Vindelcorum?
Augsburg
391
What German immigrand paid the Indians 60 guilders for Manhattan Island?
Peter Minuit
392
In what year was the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany signed?
1949
393
Who was the most powerful Prussian king of the 18th century?
Frederick the Great
394
Give the German name for the Emperor of Germany in 1871.
Kaiser Wilhelm I
395
Which German Texas settlement was founded on Good Friday, 1845?
New Braunfels
396
Name the three most important rulers of Prussia.
Friedrich Wilhelm, Friedrich I, Friedrich II
397
Give the dates for the Thirty Years War.
1618-1648
398
What mayor of Berlin later became a German Chancellor?
Willy Brandt
399
What was the main result of the Nuremberg Laws?
They deprived Jews of citizenship
400
In November 1923, right-wing extremists tried to topple the government of Bavaria and establish a new one. Name the event and the leader of these extremists.
Munich Putsch(Beer Hall Putsch)/ Adolf Hitler
401
Installed as Emperor of Mexico by Napolean III in 1863, which Hapsburg was overthrown and executed by Mexican patriots?
Maximillian
402
Who is known as the father of the Wirtschaftswunder (economic miracle) after World War II?
Ludwig Erhard
403
What government institution was set up and put in charge of state-owned enterprises in the former East Germany with the task of restructuring and privatizing them? It functioned from 1990 untill 1994.
Treuhand
404
Who was the military governor of the American occupation zone?
General Lucius Clay
405
In 485 the Franks conquered the last bastion of Rome in Germanic lands. Name this city.
Cologne
406
Give the day, month, and year that world war II ended in Europe.
May 8, 1945
407
Give the year the Berlin wall went up and the year it went down.
1961 and 1989
408
Which world leader said, "Ich bin ein Berliner."
John F. Kennedy
409
A period of Civil War racked the Holy Roman Empire from the death of Emperor Fredrick II in 1250 until 1273 when a new Emperor was finally instated. What was this period called?
the Great Interregnum
410
Who was the first chancellor of the Austrian Republic?
Karl Renner
411
Name the presidends of the Austrian Republic in chronological order. Last names will suffice.
Renner, Körner, Schärf, Jonas, Kirchschläger, Waldheim, and Klestil
412
Give the day, month, and year World War 2 started.
September 1, 1939
413
In which city and in what year did Martin Luther tack up his 95 theses?
Wittenburg 1517
