History of the Accommodation or Lodging History

Question 1

The concept of inns originated from the need to provide accommodations for travelers.

The Bible mentions roadside inns, such as the one where Joseph, Christ’s foster father, was told there was no room.

Excavations in Pompeii suggest that the Romans had established a trade around inns.

Answer 1

Early Inns and the Roman Era:

Question 2

During the Middle Ages, inns became more common due to improved security and travel conditions.

The Industrial Revolution led to increased demand for accommodations as people migrated to cities.

The emergence of the middle class fueled the growth of hotels and inns.

Answer 2

Medieval Inns and the Industrial Revolution:

Question 3

The public stagecoach influenced the lodging industry, with inns serving as booking offices, waiting places, and
social centers.

The development of railways led to the construction of larger hotels near train stations.

The automobile era brought about the emergence of roadside hotels and motels.

Answer 3

Transportation and Hotel Development:

Question 4

Advances in air travel and the widespread use of cars increased the demand for hotel accommodations.

Business travelers required specialized facilities, including meeting and convention spaces.

Hotel chains like Hilton, Sheraton, and Holiday Inn emerged to meet the growing demand.

Answer 4

Post-World War II Hotel Growth:

Question 5

The popularity of sun vacations led to the development of resort hotels offering specialized services for
various interests.

Hotels adapted to modern traveler needs through renovations and architectural changes, incorporating
features like atrium lobbies and recreational facilities.

Answer 5

Resort Hotels and Architectural Changes:

Question 6

American hotel chains expanded overseas to meet the global demand for accommodations.

Hilton, Intercontinental, Sheraton, and Holiday Inn established properties in various countries.

Answer 6

International Expansion:

Question 7

Offer a wide range of amenities, from basic to luxurious, and are suitable for various budgets and
preferences.

Answer 7

Hotels:

Question 8

Primarily cater to transient travelers, offering basic rooms and free parking.

Answer 8

Motels:

Question 9

Ideal for vacationers, often located near beaches and offering additional amenities like shops and
recreational activities.

Answer 9

Resort Hotels:

Question 10

Family-owned accommodations, typically found in Europe, offering a more informal atmosphere.

Answer 10

Pensions:

Question 11

Unique to Spain, these are converted historical buildings operated by the government.

Answer 11

Paradors:

Question 12

Combine hotel services with apartment-style living, offering ownership options to guests.

Answer 12

Condominium Hotels:

Question 13

Appeal to outdoor enthusiasts and families, often located in parks or forests.

Answer 13

Campgrounds:

Question 14

Provide a bed and breakfast, often in a home-like setting.

Answer 14

Bed and Breakfasts:

Question 15

accommodations for transient travelers, often below hotel standards.

Answer 15

Tourist Inns: Basic

Question 16

Offer furnished apartments with basic services, similar to hotels.

Answer 16

Apartment-Hotels:

Question 17

Cater to people seeking medical treatment or weight loss, often featuring mineral springs or spas.

Answer 17

Health Spas:

Question 18

Offer lodging in personal residences, often during peak seasons.

Answer 18

Private Homes:

Question 19

A unique ownership model where guests purchase the right to use a vacation property for specific
periods.

Answer 19

Time-Sharing:

Question 20

Budget-friendly accommodations with shared facilities, primarily appealing to young travelers.

Answer 20

Hostels:

Question 21

There are different ways of classifying hotels, such as location, type of guest, and price. According to location, hotels
may be center-city, suburban, airport, or highway. Based on guest type, hotels are classified as commercial,
conventions, or resort. According to price, hotels are categorized as economy, standard, first class, or deluxe.

Answer 21

Classification of Hotels

Question 22

A number of independent rating guides have been published by individuals, automobile associations, and travel
organizations using various combinations of star, dots, and alphabetical indicators. Most rating systems are based on
the quality of the physical structure, furnishings, maintenance, housekeeping, and overall service.

Answer 22

Rating Systems

Question 23

• Seven major divisions: personnel,
  *
  Personnel division
• Engineering and maintenance division
• Accounting division .
• Security division
• Food and beverage division
• Marketing and sales division

Answer 23

Organization of the Lodging Industry

Question 24

recruits new employees and administers policies and employee benefits for the company.

Answer 24

Personnel division

Question 25

makes the necessary repairs and implements the hotel’s energy
management program.

Answer 25

engineering and maintenance division

Question 26

handles the financial activities of the operation which include payment of bills, sending
out statements, payroll, and compiling monthly income statements.

Answer 26

accounting division

Question 27

provides protection for both employees and guests.

Answer 27

security division

Question 28

is responsible for the food and beverages that are served.

Answer 28

food and beverage division

Question 29

is responsible for selling the rooms and food service. It is involved in advertising,
development of promotional materials, and making direct contacts with prospective clients.

Answer 29

marketing and sales division

Question 30

is responsible for the frontdesk, telephone, reservations, and housekeeping department.

Answer 30

room division

Question 31

Hotels owned and operated by individuals or families.

Answer 31

Individual Ownership:

Question 32

Hotels leased by operators from owners, who then manage the property.

Answer 32

Leases:

Question 33

owned and operated by franchisees under a franchisor’s brand, following specific standards and guidelines.

Answer 33

Franchising: Hotels

Question 34

Hotels managed by professional companies on behalf of owners, with the management company receiving fees
based on performance.

Answer 34

Management Contracts:

Question 35

Hotels owned by a single company, with standardized policies and practices.

Answer 35

Centralized Ownership:

Question 36

Hotels franchised under a chain brand, offering benefits like marketing and reservation systems.

Answer 36

Franchising:

Question 37

Combinations of owned and franchised units within a chain.

Answer 37

Mixed Models:

Question 38

Management Method

Answer 38

-Traditional Methods
-Specialized Methods
-Chain Operations

Question 39

Management Method

Answer 39

-Referral Groups
-Hotel Terminology

Question 40

Hotels that remain independent but benefit from membership in referral groups
for marketing and reservation purposes.

Answer 40

Independent Ownership:

Question 41

Quoted based on meal inclusions (European Plan, American Plan, Modified American Plan,
Bermuda Plan).

Answer 41

Room Rates:

Question 42

Maximum published rates for rooms.

Answer 42

Rack Rates:

Question 43

Special rates offered to specific groups or for conventions.

Answer 43

Discounted Rates:

Question 44

Hotel Profitability

Answer 44

-Room Occupancy
-Double Occupancy Rooms
-Average Rate per Room Occupied
-Average Daily Rate Per Guest
-Breakeven Point

Question 45

To maximize revenue and increase room occupancy, hotels
try to increase the length of stay of customers through
advertising and other marketing methods. If customers can be
motivated to stay an extra day or two, this will mean more
revenue for the hotel.

Answer 45

Average Length of Stay

Question 46

is a critical process for hotels and travelers alike. While
computerized systems have improved efficiency, overbooking remains a challenge due to
no-shows. Hotels employ strategies like early arrival stipulations and deposits to mitigate
this risk.

Answer 46

Accommodation reservation

Question 47

serve as valuable marketing tools, providing information about
guests’ preferences and demographics. This data helps hotels tailor their marketing
efforts and understand their target audience.

Answer 47

Guest registration cards

Question 48

has evolved, with many airlines forming
partnerships to offer bundled travel packages and frequent flyer program benefits.

Answer 48

The relationship between airlines and hotels

Question 49

is essential for attracting guests. Hotels utilize various
channels, including travel trade, direct mail, print media, and online platforms.

Answer 49

Accommodation promotion