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Pyschology > History Of Pyschology > Flashcards

History Of Pyschology Flashcards

1
Q

Psychology

A

the scientific study of thought and behavior

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2
Q

cognitive psychology

A

the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak and solve problem.

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3
Q

developmental psychology

A

the study of how thought and behavior change and remain the stable across the life span.

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4
Q

behavioral neuroscience

A

the study of the links among brain, mind, and behavior.

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5
Q

biological psychology

A

the study of the relationship between bodily systems and chemicals and how they influence behavior and thought.

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6
Q

clinical psychology

A

the diagnosis and treatment of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders and the promotion of psychological health.

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7
Q

personality psychology

A

the study of what makes people unique and the consistence in people’s behavior across time and situation.

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8
Q

social pyschology

A

the study of how living among others influences thought feeling, and behavior.

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9
Q

health pyschology

A

the study of the role psychological factor’s play in regards to health and illness.

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10
Q

industrial/ organizational (i/o) psychology

A

application of psychological concepts and questions to work settings.

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11
Q

forensic psychology

A

field that blends psychology, law and criminal justice.

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12
Q

educational psychology

A

the study of how students learn the effectiveness of particular teaching techniques, the social psychology, and the psychology of teaching.

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13
Q

sports psychology

A

the study of psychological factors in sports and exercise.

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14
Q

shamans

A

medicine men or women who treat people with mental problems by driving out their demons with elaborate rituals such as exorcisms incantations, and prayers.

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15
Q

asylums

A

facilities for treating the mentally ill in Europe during the middle aged and into the 19th century.

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16
Q

moral treatment

A

19th-century approach to treating the mentally ill with dignity in a caring environment.

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17
Q

psychoanalysis

A

a clinically based approach to understanding and treating psychological disorders; assumes that the unconscious mind is the most powerful force behind thought and behavior.

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18
Q

empiricism

A

the view that all knowledge and thoughts come from experience.

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19
Q

psychophysics

A

the study of how people psychologically perceive physical stimuli such as light sound waves and touch.

20
Q

Sigmund freud

A

20th-century Austrian who develop psychoanalysis

21
Q

Gustav Fechner (1801-1889)

A

develop the idea of sychophysics

22
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

In 1879, Wundt set up a psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany now consider the birthplace of experimental psychology.

23
Q

William James

A

consider the founder of american psychology, open first psychology laboratory in USA, founded american psychology association (APA) most famous functionalists

24
Q

Marry Whiton Calkins (1863-1930)

A

1st female APA president (1905). Havard did not grant her a (phd) degree because she was a women, even though she was an excellent student.

25
Q

structuralism

A

19th century school of psychology that argued breaking down experience into its elemental parts offers the best way to understand thought and behavior.

26
Q

introspection

A

the main method of investigation for structuralist; it involves looking into one’s own mind for information about the nature of conscious experience.

27
Q

functionalism

A

19th-century school of psychology that argued it was better to look at why the mind works the way it does than to describe it parts.

28
Q

behaviorism

A

a school of psychology which proposed that psychology can be a true science only if it examines observable behaviors, not ideas, thoughts, feelings and motives.

29
Q

humanistic psychology

A

a theory of psychology that focuses on personal growth and meaning as a way of reaching one’s highest potential.

30
Q

positive psychology

A

scientific approach to studying, understanding and promoting healthy and positive psychological functioning.

31
Q

gestalt psychology

A

a theory of psychology that maintains that we perceive things as wholes rather than as a compilation of parts.

32
Q

softwiring

A

in contrast to hardwiring, means that biological systems -genes, brain structure, brain cells- are inherited but open to modification from the environment.

33
Q

nature through nurture

A

the position that the environment constantly interacts with biology to shape who we are and what we do.

34
Q

mind-body dualism

A

Rene Descartes proposed that the mind and body are separate entities. and either can take control of each other.

35
Q

evolution

A

the change over time in the frequency with which specific genes occurs within a breeding species.

36
Q

natural selection

A

a feedback process whereby nature favors one design over another because it has an impact on reproduction.

37
Q

adaptations

A

inherited solutions to ancestral problems that have been selected for because they contribute in some way to reproductive success.

38
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Humanistic

38
Q

evolutionary psychology

A

the branch of psychology that studies human behavior by asking what adaptive problems it may have solved for our early ancestors.

39
Q

John Watson

A

Behavioralist

40
Q

By-product

A

.

41
Q

Carl Rogers

A

.

42
Q

William Jackson

A

.

43
Q

Hermann Von helmholtz

A

.

44
Q

Counseling psychologist

A

.

45
Q

Hippocrates

A

Greek physician, first to document acrophobia fear of heights.

46
Q

Blank slate

A

Tabula rasa (lAtin)

Pyschology (5 decks)

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