History of Public Health Flashcards
Skilled in:
The use of herbal medicine
The use of amulets, charms or spells that would ward off evil spirit that cause illness
Conduct ceremonies that would appease the Gods or supernatural being and revert the curse that caused illness.
Giving advice to individuals on how to maintain an ill-free life
Shaman/medicine man
Established rudimentary baths and toilets in dwelling places.
Give high regard for personal cleanliness but the rationale was more religious rather than medical
They believed that deities and spirits still played a role in causing illness.
Ancient Egyptian:
they slowly digressed from the perspective of the supernatural as the cause of illness and diseases into a more “rational or logical “ paradigm.
Gave birth to prominent Greek philosophers such as Aristotle, Socrates and Pythagoras.
Hippocrates- known as the father of medicine.
Greeks
Father of medicine
Hippocrates
He proposed that diseases develop because of our environment and not because of some form of divine act
He noted the effect of food, of occupation and even climate in causing diseases.
Hippocrates:
Concept of four humors
Phlegm
Blood
Yellow bile
Black bile
Humor Phlegm is associated with what season?
Winter, Cold & moist
Humor Phlegm is associated with what element?
Water
Humor Phlegm and its season & elements results to?
Phlegmatic
Humor Black Bile is associated with what season?
Autumn, Cold & Dry
Humor Black Bile is associated with what element?
Earth
Humor Black Bile and its season & elements result to?
Melancholy
Humor Blood is associated with what season?
Spring, Hot & Moist
Humor Blood is associated with what element?
Air
Humor Blood and its season & elements result to?
Sanguine
Humor Yellow Bile is associated with what season?
Summer, Hot & Dry
Humor Yellow Bile is associated with what element?
Fire
Humor yellow bile and its season & elements result to?
choleric
a Greek physician who migrated to rome, dissected monkey.
- His works became a foundation for the study of human anatomy.
Galen
Development of the black plague or the bubonic plague.
Caused by bacteria yersinia pestis, transmitted through flea bites.
The outbreak started in china and through the trade routes the diseases was brought to Europe.
Middle ages or “dark ages”
broadened the public’s understanding of how epidemics or infections were spread.
-He introduces the concept of “fomites
Girolamo fracastoro
a vehicle carrying pathogens that could cause diseases.
“fomites”
described a detailed structure of human body
Andreas Vesalius
study the human circulatory system and properties of blood
William Harvey
observed through a crude microscope a bacteria and other microorganisms
Anton van leeweenhoek
institutionalizing a system that would record and register deaths, this form of death registration was referred to as
“bills of mortality”.
Exchange of diseases between the colonizer and colonized ex: smallpox virus
Explorer who comeback from the new world brought them new disease: syphilis
The new world discovered quinine from south American quina-quina tree, the first medicine against malaria
Colonial period:
the first medicine against malaria
quina-quina tree
French surgeon, discovered parasites in the blood of patients suffering from symptoms of malaria and started to comprehend the etiology of the disease.
Charles louis laveran
discover that the malarial parasites could be transmitted by mosquitoes and patient would get infected by the parasites through mosquito bites.
Ronald ross-
father of immunology, discovered the vaccine against small pox virus
Dr. Edward jenner
secretary of the England’s poor law commission
Edwin Chadwick-
the father of epidemiology, was able to trace the source of cholera.
Dr. john snow-
helped push for the professionalization of nurses.
Florence nightingale
introduced the concept of public health nursing.
Lilian wald-
developed the field of bacteriology.
Robert Koch-
discovered killing bacteria in milk which is known as pasteurization
Louis Pasteur-
developed polio vaccine
Jonas Salk and albert sabin-
became the first medical school in the country.
University of sto.tomas
Declaration of alma- alta on primary health care:
“ health is a human right”
“health for all” by thE year 2000
deplored the widening gap between developed and developing countries
1978:
United nations international children’s emergency fund (unicef) came up with what is known as GOBI strategy.
1982:
Emerging diseases: 5
Aids ( acquired immune deficiency syndrome)- 20th century
Sars ( severe acute respiratory syndrome)- 2003
Swine flu- 1998
Avian flu (Ah5n1)- 1997
Ebola virus- 1976, discovered by peter piot
