history of psychology study guide

Question 1

psychology

Answer 1

study of one’s behavior and mental process

Question 2

behavior

Answer 2

anything one does/ any action that can be observed or recorded

Question 3

mental process

Answer 3

thoughts, sensations, perceptions, emotions

Question 4

goals for behavior?

Answer 4

OMPEI- observe, measure, predict, explain, influence

Question 5

goal for psychology

Answer 5

how biological and environmental influences impact behavior

Question 6

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer 6

father of psychology, opened the first psych lab in 1879

Question 7

William James

Answer 7

big influencer for psych, wrote the Principles of Psychology and developed functionalism

Question 8

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic

Answer 8

by Sigmund Freud who believed mental and abnormal problems resulted from unconscious unresolved conflicts
used free association [openly speaking about whatever and dream analysis to open up conscious]

Question 9

current psycho dynamic psychologists focus on…

Answer 9

unconscious and early childhood experiences

Question 10

behavioral

Answer 10

psychologists should focus on observal / measurable behaviors
believed rewards and punishments affect behavior
psychologists: Skinner, Watson, and Pavlov

Question 11

humanistic

Answer 11

free will for the future, people can take control of their choices and their future
studies the healthy people and their lifestyles

Question 12

Maslow

Answer 12

made the hierarchy of needs

Question 13

Rogers

Answer 13

people want to meet their full potential

Question 14

cognitive

Answer 14

how thinking and perception influence behavior

ex: thinking, memory, language, problem solving, and decision making

Question 15

biological

Answer 15

brain, nervous system, and endocrine system

behavior/emotions/mental processes have a psychological or genetic cause

Question 16

evolutionary

Answer 16

explains behaviors and mental processes as a result of human adaptation to the environment
goals= adapt, survive, reproduce

Question 17

social-cultural

Answer 17

how diversity and culture affect behavior and mental processes
ex= identity, ethnicity, religion, social norms, socio-economic status

Question 18

psychologist

Answer 18

helps people cope with challenges by noticing their strengths and weaknesses

Question 19

psychiatrist

Answer 19

medical degree for diagnosis and treatment

Question 20

functionalism

Answer 20

how the mind allows people to work, play, and adapt to their surroundings