History Of Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of psychologists?

A
Clinical
School
Counselling
Industrial and Organisational
Developmental
Biological
Forensic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is rationalism?

A

The idea that the concept of truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive, believes that knowledge is from thought and reflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who was the main contributor to rationalism?

A

Rene Descartes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is empiricism?

A

The idea that the human mind begins as a “tabula rosa” (blank slate) and we learn through experiences like sensation and reflection. Believes that simple knowledge builds complex knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who was the main contributor to empiricism?

A

John Locke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How did the theory of evolution impact psychology?

A
  • Study of animal behaviour as model for human behaviour - influence on behaviourism
  • Precursor to the school of functionalism
  • Contemporary views on evolutionary psychology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who built the very first fully functional psychology laboratory?

A

Wilhelm Wundt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is structuralism?

A

School of psychology that aimed to identify the basic structures of psychological experience. It explored elements of consciousness like sensation, images and feeling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who was the main contributor to structuralism?

A

Edward Tithner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is functionalism?

A

School of psychology that aimed to understand the adaptive purposes of psychological characteristics. Believes that consciousness evolved because it has a function/adaptive purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who founded functionalism?

A

William James

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is behaviourism?

A

School of psychology that focuses on uncovering the general laws of learning by looking outside the organism. Sees the mind as a “black box”, and believes that looking at cognitive processes is useless because they cannot be measured.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who founded behaviourism?

A

John B. Watson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is cognitivism?

A

School of psychology that focuses on the the mental processes involved with different aspect of thinking. Opening the “black box”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who founded psychoanalysis?

A

Sigmund Freud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is psychoanalysis?

A

School of psychology which focuses on internal drives and conflicts that shape the relations between conscious and unconscious mental processes

17
Q

What are the theoretical perspectives that shaped psychology?

A
Structuralism
Functionalism
Behaviourism
Cognitivism
Psychoanalysis
18
Q

True or False: behaviourism focuses on discovering the general laws of learning in animals rather than humans

A

False

19
Q

True or False: cognitive psychologists argue that psychological theories must account for how people interpret the meaning of events which act as rewards and punisments

A

True

20
Q

True or False: advocates of determinism believe that free will is an illusion

A

True