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AICP PREP > History of Planning > Flashcards

History of Planning Flashcards

1
Q

In what year was the first national planning Conference held at the National Conference on City Planning and congestion relief in Washington dc?

A

1909

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2
Q

What year did Walter Moody publish Wackers Manual of the Plan of Chicago?

A

1912

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3
Q

What year was the American city planning Institute of planners founded and who was its founder in first president?

A

1917, Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr.

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4
Q

What year did the American City Planning Institute, at the National Conference on City Planning, publish the first issue of City Planning? And what Journal did that publication later become?

A

1925, Journal of the American Planning Association

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5
Q

What year was the American Society of Planning Officials founded?

A

1934

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6
Q

What year was the code of ethics adopted for planning professionals?

A

1971

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7
Q

What year was the American Planning Association formed? And through the merger of which two organizations?

A

1978 through the merger of AIP (American Institute of Planners) and ASPO (American Society of Planning Officials).

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8
Q

What year and then what city were the first city beautiful principles applied? And who’s playing was used to develop those principles?

A

1906 in San Francisco using the principals produced by Daniel Burnham

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9
Q

What year did Daniel Burnham create the First Metropolitan Regional plan for chicago?

A

1909

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10
Q

What year did the city of New York adopt its first comprehensive zoning code and who wrote it?

A

1916, written by Edward Bassett

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11
Q

What year did the US Department of Congress issue the Standard State Zoning Enabling act? And who was the Secretary of the US Department of Commerce at the time?

A

1924, secretary Herbert Hoover.

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12
Q

What year and under whom, did the US Department of Commerce release the standard City Planning Enabling Act

A

1929, Herbert Hoover

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13
Q

What is the New York tenement house law and when did it occur?

A

Housing reform law passed in 1901 aimed at improving living conditions in New York’s tenement buildings. Tenement buildings, any building that housed three or more families, had become underresourced and tended to house poor families. The law set requirements for new buildings to improve light and air quality for residents

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14
Q

What was the McMillan plan and when did it occur?

A

Written by the Senate Park Commission in 1902. A comprehensive planning document intended to revive an update the Le’Phant plan for Washington DC. The plan focused on parks and monuments including the redesign of the National Mall and locations of the Lincoln Memorial Ulysses S Grant memorial, Union Station, and US Department of Agriculture building. Daniel Burnham was involved in the work of the plan and is considered the first expression of the City Beatiful movement.

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15
Q

Built in 1903, why is the construction of Lectworth England important?

A

It represents the first expression of the Garden City Movement as written by Ebenezer Howard

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16
Q

Where did the first official City Planning Commission occur and in what year?

A

Hartford Connecticut in 1907

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17
Q

What was the name of and in what year was the first Garden suburb constructed?

A

Forest Hills Gardens in 1909

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18
Q

Which university and in which year was the first principles of City Planning College course held?

A

1909 at Harvard College

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19
Q

In what year did Harvard College launch its City and Regional planning program?

A

1923

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20
Q

In what location in which year was the first national conference on City Planning held?

A

In Washington DC in 1917

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21
Q

What was the name of the first comprehensive plan in the United States and in what year did it occur and by whom was it written?

A

Plan of Chicago in 1909 bye Daniel Burnham and Edward Bennett

22
Q

What was the importance of the manual of the plan of chicago?

A

This was a document that was written by Walter Moody and distributed to schools in Chicago. It Was Written in 1911, and the text focused on the development of the 1909 plan of chicago, the city’s history, and it’s transportation problems.

23
Q

Who was the first Municipal Employee planner in the what year did he Attain employment?

A

Harland Bartholomew in 1914

24
Q

For what is Edward Bassett most known?

A

That he and George McKinney wrote the zoning resolution in 1916 was established the concept of zones based on primary activity and created Building height and setback guidelines for each Zone. It is considered the first Citywide zoning code in the United States

25
Q

Which president signed the National Park Service within the US Department of interior in 1916?

A

Woodrow Wilson

26
Q

In what year was the American city planning Institute established and who was its first president?

A

In 1916 with Frederick Law Olmsted Jr as its first president

27
Q

In what year did the US Census first report that more than half of the nation’s population was living in urban areas?

A

1920

28
Q

What is the relevance of Country Club Plaza?

A

In 1922, it was established by JC Nichols. It grew into a 14 block Shopping Center in the Kansas City Missouri area. Just considered the first car oriented Shopping Center including gas stations and abundant free parking and was located outside of the downtown central business district

29
Q

In what year and by which agency was the standard state zoning enabling Act created?

A

In 1922 by the US Department of Commerce

30
Q

In which year and through which court case was the creation of regulatory taking established and thereby questions regarding just compensation?

A

In 1922 based on the US Supreme Court ruling in Pennsylvania Coal Company v. Mahon

31
Q

What is Elizabeth May Herilhy known for?

A

In 1923 she guided the adoption of the first comprehensive zoning ordinance for the city of Boston and is seen as the first woman planning expert. She was also the first woman to join the American city planning Institute.

32
Q

In what year and city was the first comprehensive plan adopted within the United states?

A

In 1925, Cincinnati became the first American city to have a comprehensive plan approved and adopted

33
Q

What did Euclid v. Ambler Realty establish and in what year?

A

In 1926, the Supreme Court ruled that this case did not infringe on the rights of Amber Realty by establishing his own in ordinance. Thus, the court case upheld the constitutionality of zoning and led to the growth of zoning ordinances within the United states.

34
Q

In 1928, the construction of radburn New Jersey began what planning concept?

A

The British Garden City concept

35
Q

What is significant about Perry’s neighborhood unit and when did it occur?

A

In 1929, Clarence Perry published The Neighborhood Unit, which provided a framework for the concept of neighborhood within a city. His model focused on a walkable residential district centered around community-oriented schools, with business district on the edge and graded streets to limit external traffic through the neighborhood.

36
Q

In what year and in which city was the first historic district ordinance established?

A

In Charleston South Carolina in 1931

37
Q

In what year and by which president was the Tennessee Valley Authority established?

A

In 1933 by Franklin Roosevelt

38
Q

In what year was the American Society of planning officials formed?

A

1934

39
Q

In what year was the American Planning Association created, and through the merger of which two organizations?

A

In 1978 through the merger of the American Institute of Planners (AIP) and the American Society of Planning Officials (ASPO)

40
Q

In what year did the federal home loan and Bank board commission the homeowners loan corporation to appraise real estate risks? And what was the consequence of these maps that were commissioned?

A

In 1935, HOLC maps institutionalized redlining of neighborhoods that were consistently African-American and nature and regarded as hazardous for investment. Resultantly, mortgage loans were often not available to neighborhoods of color.

41
Q

In what year did they Resettlement Administration occur and which cities were created as a result?

A

In 1935. It included Greenbelt communities of Greenbelt, Maryland; Green Hills, Ohio; and Greendale Wisconsin. Each of these were based on Ebenezer Howard’s Garden City concept.

42
Q

When was the planners journal, later the Journal of American Institute of planners, later the Journal of the American Planning Association first published?

A

1935

43
Q

The Wagner-Steagall Act was also known as what and signed into law in which year?

A

US Housing Act in 1937.

44
Q

In what year did the US Supreme Court rule that racially restrictive covenants that prohibit people of a certain race from renting or owning real property in a specific area was unenforceable?

A

1948

45
Q

What is the name of the first recognized plan unit development, where did it occur, and in what year?

A

Prince George’s Community in Prince George County MD, in 1949

46
Q

Which 1924 US Supreme Court case ruled that Congress can seize property for any public service purpose under eminent domain?

A

Berman v. Parker (1924)

47
Q

Which city enacted the first urban growth boundary and in what year?

A

Lexington Kentucky became the first study to enact an urban growth boundary in 1958 throughout growth management initiative that limited new development to a specific area of the city.

48
Q

Who published the death and life of Great American cities and in what year?

A

Change Jacobs in 1961

49
Q

Who wrote Silent Spring and what year was it published?

A

Rachel Carson in 1962

50
Q

In what year was the Department of Housing Urban Development launched?

A

In 1965 with a passage of the Department of Housing and Urban Development Act

51
Q

What year and to whom is advocacy planning largely attributed?

A

To Paul Davidoff in 1965.

AICP PREP (3 decks)

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