History of PA Profession Flashcards
What is a feldsher?
They were German military medical assistants (field/barber surgeons).
Where and who introduced the Feldshers?
They were introduced in Russia by Peter the Great.
Do Feldshers still practice?
Yes, in Russia.
What are three areas that Feldshers practiced in?
- Primary care.
- Preventitive medicine.
- Maternity.
What was John Wall assigned to be?
“Loblolly boy” - assist medical officers on USS constellation.
The name “loblolly”is changed to what?
Surgeons steward then Apothecary then Bayman then Hospital corpsmen.
Where was there healthcare personnel shortage in both military and civilian?
In France.
Who became the first licensed female Feldsher, and when?
Joanna Maria Hedon (swedish midwife)
1863
What did Congress pass as a result of the looming Spanish-America war?
A bill authorizing the establishment of the US Navy Hospital Corpsmen.
Who signed the bill authorizing the establishment of the US Navy Hospital Corpsmen?
President William McKinley in 1898.
In 1898, where was the “Practicante” introduced?
Puerto Rico
What is the Frontier Nursing Service?
It marked the first effort to professionalize midwifery in the US
Who established the Frontier Nursing Service?
Mary Breckinridge in 1925.
What brought about the establishment of the Public Health Service PA program?
In the 1930’s- the former military corpsmen received job training from the Federal prison system.
Why were community health aides introduced in Alaska in 1940?
To improve the health of Eskimos and other Native Americans.
Who is “Buddy” Treadwell?
Amos Johnson, MD trained him as his assistant in his rural NC practice.
What happened at Duke University in 1957?
Because of WWII, there was manpower shortage so they trained nurses in primary care. However it was never accredited and thus discontinued.
What caused a sensation at Duke in 1965?
4 ex-corpsmen were trained as PA’s.
What year was the Civil Rights Act?
1964
What is a landmark piece of legislation in US history?
The Civil Rights Act
Who is the founder of the PA profession?
Eugene Stead.
Who helped Eugene Stead found the PA profession?
Thelma Ingles.
What was the PA profession modeled after?
The relationship of Amos Johnson and Buddy Treadwell.
When & where was the first PA program started?
At Duke University in 1965
What popularized the PA profession?
An article in the Readers Digest.
What is the Pediatric Nurse Practitioner program?
a four month program at U. of Colorado
What passed in 1965?
Medicare and Medicaid Act
What are “barefoot” doctors?
Doctors who provided basic medical care in China. It ended in 1981.
Who initiated the first Surgeon’s assistant program?
John Kirklin in 1967.
When did the first PA’s graduate?
October 6 1967
What is the stated purpose of the AAPA?
- Honesty 2. Loyalty 3. Efficient service 4. Quality care
Who was the first president of the AAPA?
William Stanhope
What awareness was prevalent in the 1960’s?
Inequality in society
Dissatisfaction with healthcare system
Politics (Vietnam)
Name three things that occurred in the 60’s?
Civil Rights
Women’s Movement
“Great” Society”
“War on poverty”
How did midwives pave the road for other healthcare providers?
By proving their competence and compassion.
What is MEDEX?
This name was proposed for physician extender.
Did the AMA accept the MEDEX title?
NO
Is physician’s assistant the correct title?
NO- It it Physician Assistant
What occurred in 1972?
A certifying exam is written up for PA’s
How has the PA profession grown since inception?
PA programs: 42 –> 170
PA’s: 9,431 –> 105,216
What is October 6th?
PA day!
