History of Osteopathy

Question 1

Dr. Joe Lister

Answer 1

• Father of Antiseptic Surgery

- Reduced surgical mortality from 45% to 15%

Question 2

Ingaz Semmelweiss

Answer 2

• OB clinic decreased mortality by 90% thru hand was

- died from infection

Question 3

John Snow

Answer 3

-Used epidemiology to trace the source of cholera outbreak in London

Question 4

William Budd

Answer 4

-Used epidemiology to PROVE cholera came from contaminated water source in Bristol

Question 5

Germ Theory

Answer 5

replaced Mismas Theory

• Thucydides-disease spread by seeds
• Louis Pasteur-discredited spontaneous generation
• Robert Kock-isolated anthrax

Question 6

Nils Finsen

Answer 6

-Used UV light in medicine

Question 7

Wilhem Rontgen

Answer 7

-First to systematically study X-rays

Question 8

Fernando Sanford

Answer 8

• discovered Xrays in 1891

- Xrays used diagnostically in 1896

Question 9

William Halstead

Answer 9

• Meticulous in Surgery

- First used sterile rubber gloves in 1890

Question 10

Heroic Medicine

Answer 10

“Preserve Life Force” & “Conquer Disease”

• stimulants if patients were drowsy
• hypnotics if patient agitated
• purgatives and cathartics were rampant
• blood letting

Question 11

A.T. Still

Answer 11

• Born August 6 1828 in VA
• Moved to MO
• Studied Ministry and Medicine
• *1839 makes a rope swing for a headache
• 1849 marries mary margaret Vaughn
• 1850 took over mission in Eudora KS
• *1855 studied anatomy in indian cadavers
• 1857 elected to KS legislature (anti-slave)
• 1859 first wife dies, he has 3 kids
• 1860 marries mary elvira turner
• *1861-1864: civil war as major
• 1864 battle of westport
• 3 kids die from spinal meningitis & 1 from pneumonia
• returns to form and change medicine ideas
• 10 am June 22 1874-flung out banner of DO
• 1874-presents ideas to Baker University
• Still read out of Methodist church
• • first recorded OMT in Macon in MO
• 1875 moved family to Kirksville MO
• *1885 coins term osteopathy (Bone Setter 1890)
• 1886 stays in Kirksville and patients come to him
• dies in 1917

Question 12

10:00 AM June 22 2874

Answer 12

AT Still flung the banner of osteopathy into the breeze

Question 13

American School of Osteopathy

Answer 13

opened in 1892

• 17 men and 5 women
• 5 students were AT Still’s kids
• course was $500
• enrollment 102 by 1896
• 1990: 700 students (largest school of healing arts)

Question 14

Osteopathic Principle 1

Answer 14

Body is a unit; body mind and spirit

Question 15

Osteopathic Principle 2

Answer 15

Body is capable of self-regulation, self healing and health maintenance

Question 16

Osteopathic Principle 3

Answer 16

Structure and Function are reciprocally related

Question 17

Osteopathic Principle 4

Answer 17

Rational treatment is based on an understanding of three other principles

Question 18

What does OMT treat?

Answer 18

the Host NOT the disease

Question 19

What was the first state to legally license DOs?

Answer 19

Vermont then North Dakota

Question 20

When did Missouri grant DO licenses?

Answer 20

1897

Question 21

American Association for Advancement of Osteopathy

Answer 21

founded in 1897
later became AOA
adopted standards for approving osteopathic colleges
inspection of schools in 1903

Question 22

Dr. Abraham Flexner

Answer 22

• traveled to all US medschools in 1910
• authored report on state of medical education
• harsh criticism
• encouraged clinical rotations
• many schools were closed/merged
• state licensing requirements

Question 23

1915

Answer 23

Osteopathy became a four year curriculum

Question 24

KC College of Osteopathy and Surgery

Answer 24

established in 1916 by Dr. Kaiser and Dr. Conley

Question 25

1916

Answer 25

AOA revoked ban on teaching pharmacology despite Dr. Still's opposition

Question 26

Influenza Pandemic

Answer 26

1917-1918 - 30 million died worldwide - Journal of Osteopathy showed that DOs had a lower death rate than MDs

Question 27

1922

Answer 27

DOs labeled a cult by AMA

Question 28

1945

Answer 28

low point for DO enrollment-556 students

Question 29

Cline Commitee

Answer 29

AMA inspects DO schools finds education comparable but facilities inadequate

Question 30

Oklahoma State University

Answer 30

first free standing state funded osteopathic college

Question 31

California Incident

Answer 31

1961 - CA public referendum prohibited granting new licenses to DOs in the state - DOs could become MDS for 12 Sat. Classes and 65$

Question 32

College of Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons

Answer 32

- converted to an allopathic medical school - merger of CA medical association with CA Osteopathic association - Proposition 22 passed-abolished osteopathic licensing board

Question 33

Missippi

Answer 33

final state to grant licensure to DOs

Question 34

1980

Answer 34

KCOS changes its name to the University of Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine

Question 35

Modern DOs

Answer 35

- 33 medical schools - 27,000+ students - 102,000+ in U.S. - more than 50% in primary care

Question 36

Teddy Rosevelt

Answer 36

-supported adding DOs to the military in 1917 but was vetoed by William Gorgas

Question 37

WWII

Answer 37

DOs still not serving in military MDs drafted to war-shortage in US Hospitals not granting DO privileges Increase in DO hospitals in US

Question 38

1957

Answer 38

Congress legalizes the DOs to serve in army - same as MDs in 1963 - SOD McNamara directs military to accept DOs

Question 39

Dr. Harry Walter

Answer 39

first commissioned DO into armed forces

Question 40

Admiral Louis H. Eske

Answer 40

first flag officer in the medical corps of military service

Question 41

Dr. Ronald R. Blank

Answer 41

past surgeon general of the army from 1996-2000 *10% of active military officers are DOs

Question 42

Jeannette Bolles

Answer 42

first woman to receive DO degree

Question 43

Louisa Burns

Answer 43

treated with OMT for spinal meningitis published several books -histology and postulated the connective tissue model of somatic disfunction

Question 44

Mamie Johnston

Answer 44

``` first graduate from KCUMB Medical curriculum changed so she went back for 1 year Joined KCUMB faculty retired at 92 Johnston Science hall opened in 1940 ```

Question 45

Barbara Ross Lee

Answer 45

First female dean of a medical college - Ohio University - First DO to win the Robert Wood Johnson Health Policy fellowship - 2002-Dean of NY College of Osteopathic medicine

Question 46

Dr. Marcelino Oliva

Answer 46

Cuban born graduate of KCU First minority AOA president President of Florida Osteopathic Medical Assocation

Question 47

William G Anderson

Answer 47

associate dean a KCUMB -leader of civil rights movement AOA president