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History of Nursing Flashcards

1
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

Founder for modern nursing

Crimean war efforts led to reform of the British Army medical system

Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not
Established nursing focus as the health of individuals

First nursing school at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London (1960)

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2
Q

Mary Seacole

A

British-Jamaican nurse and business woman

Voted “Greatest Black Briton” in 2003

Rejected by Florence Nightingale

Expert on management of cholera

Described as “compassionate, fearless and determined”

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3
Q

1861-1873: The American Civil War

A

advance the professional nursing practice because the leaders had achieved dramatic improvements in care during the conflicts.

Prior to the beginning of the war, there was no organization to healthcare

Reform of the military hospitals was so successful that it led to reform of civilian hospitals

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4
Q

Dorothea Dix-Civil War era

A

Advocate for mentally ill

Superintendent of Women Nurses by Union Army

Created month-long training program at two New York hospitals for women who wanted to serve.

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5
Q

Sojourner Truth & Harriett Tubman

CW

A

ST-first women to win a case against a white man

HT-underground railroad

Slaves that took care of Union soldiers

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6
Q

Susie King Taylor

CW

A

1st Black army nurse

Taught soldiers, African-American & white how to read and write.

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7
Q

Mary Ann “Mother” Bickerdyke

CW

A

“brought order out of chaos”
Delivered supplies to troops Western Front and investigated hospital camps.

Created cleaner conditions

Set up field hospitals and made cleanliness a priority

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8
Q

Clara Barton “Angel of the Battlefield”

CW

A

Founded the American Red Cross

Provided relief by bringing supplies

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9
Q

Sallie Thompkins “captain of calvary”

CW

A

Only woman in confederacy to hold a military rank

only woman in the Confederate Army

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10
Q

Phoebe Pember

CW

A

Appointed as hospital matron

Jewish and hospital administrator at largest military hospital in Richmond, VIrginia

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11
Q

Linda Richards

A

1st professionally trained nurse in the US

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12
Q

First three American training schools

A

Bellevue Training School for Nurses (New York City)

Connecticut Training School for Nurses (New Haven)

Boston Training School for Nurses at Massachusetts General Hospital

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13
Q

Chicago World’s Fair (1893)

A

Meeting of nurses a paper presentations

Isabel Hampton Robb

Lavinia Lloyd Dock

Bedford Fenwick

Paper by Florence Nightingale

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14
Q

Isabel Hampton Robb

A

presented paper about lack of uniformity in schools

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15
Q

Organizations that came our of the World Fair (1893)

A

National League for Nursing (1893)
NLN

American Nurses Association (1896)
ANA

International Council of Nurses (1899)
ICN

National Association for Colored Graduate Nurses (1908)
NACGN

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16
Q

Henry Street Settlement

Lillian Ward & Mary Brewster

A

1st public health nursing

Established in New York City in 1893

Founded by Lillian Wald and Lavinia Dock

Addressed serious health conditions of immigrants

Nurses visited and provided well-baby clinics, disease prevention, health education, minor illness treatment

Still functions today to fight urban poverty

Plight of immigrants inspired the work of Margaret Sanger

17
Q

Dock, Robb, Nutting

A

Founded the American League of Nursing-nursing education

18
Q

Scales and Tyler

A

Stillman House-A branch of Henry Street African Americans

Broke racial barriers

Conducted outreach to the African American community to accept health services

19
Q

Spanish-American War

A

Typhoid fever

Nursing shortage

Nursing school graduates supplemented by untrained women

Army & Navy Nurse Corp

20
Q

Anita M. McGee MD

S-A W

A

Head of Hospital Corps, a group formed to recruit nurses

Army & Navy Nurse Corps

21
Q

Namahyoke Curtis

S-A W

A

1st trained African American by the War Department

22
Q

Licensure

A

1903: Four states created permissive licensure
1923: All states require examinations for “title protection”
1947: Fully mandated licensure
1950: NLN administered the first nationwide board examination

23
Q

1917-1930

A

1917 - Flu Pandemic, US enters WWI

1920 - Mary Adelaide Nutting chaired the National Committee on Nursing

Supply trained nurses for the U.S. Army hospitals

Found the Army School of Nursing

Congress approved military rank for nurses

Red Cross – home care and hygiene

1923 - Goldmark Report

1925 – Frontier Nursing Service Est

One of the first examples of nurses providing primary care

24
Q

Mary Breckenridge

A

nurse midwife that provided services in isolated rural areas in Appalatian mountains of Kentucky

25
Goldmark Report
In 1918, Adelaide Nutting (a nurse educator) pushed for efforts to reform nursing education. A committee was appointed and the Goldmark report was published in 1923. This report identified that hospital-based training programs were inadequate - putting needs of the institution before the needs of the students Concluded that nursing education should occur in the university setting.
26
Mary Adele Nutting
Promoted universities Supply trained nurses for the U.S. Army hospitals Found the Army School of Nursing Congress approved military rank for nursesro
27
1931-1945
1933 - Civil Works Administration (CWA) Rural and school health services 1935 - Social Security Act set up to strengthen public health services and provide med care for children w/ disabilities, blind persons, and dependent mothers World War II Nursing shortage – again… Cadet Nurse Corps
28
The Rise of Hospitals
Hill-Burton Act (1946) provided funds to construct hospitals RAPID expansion led to Nursing shortage – again… "Team nursing" The nursing shortage prompted the creation of associate degree in nursing (ADN) programs Journal of Nursing Research was first published
29
1961-1982
Medicare and Medicaid (1965) Hospital specialization Shortage of primary care physicians “Great Society” Nurse Practitioner Vietnam War Jungle mobile hospital units Performance of emergency procedures PTSD 1993 – Vietnam Women's Memorial statue
30
HIV/AIDS and Life Support Technologies
Early 1980s – Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Global initiatives Preventive measures Universal Precautions Wide use of life support When and how to use life support? “Right to die” Treatment of “persistent vegitative states”
31
Genetics:
Genomics, Epigenetics, and Pharmacogenetics will shape the foreseeable future of health care and nursing practice. ***
32
Biomedical:
Nurses take responsibility for monitoring and responding to data generated by complex machines or implantable devices.
33
Information:
Nurses assume responsibility for data entry and retrieval using computer-based applications on the unit, at the bedside, or hand-held, which communicate, store, manage, retrieve, and process information.
34
Knowledge:
"technology of the mind”; involves use of computer systems to transform information into knowledge and generate new knowledge; called "expert systems."
35
Nursing shortage
Frequent imbalances in nursing supply lead to nursing shortages Usually confined to hospitals and nursing homes Internal causes: salary issues, long hours, increased responsibilitiy for unlicensed workers, too little authority for RNs External: changes in demand for nurses, increasing age of population and of nurses, alternative career options for women The key factor is the shortage of nursing faculty American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 2009 To stimulate U.S. economy, with provision for $500 million to strengthen U.S. health care work force Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Has committed tens of millions of dollars to create regional workforce development systems in health care Johnson & Johnson Campaign for Nursing's Future In partnership with National Student Nurses Association (NSNA), NLN, ANA, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI) American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet Recognition Program To attract and retain nurses in acute hospital settings
36
Who published Notes on Nursing: What It Is and What It Is Not?
2. Florence Nightingale:
37
Before Florence Nightingale, men provided most of the nursing care. True False
True
38
According to the text, what is the fourth technological development? Genetics, biomedical, information, and
Knowledge
39
What is an internal cause of nursing shortages?
Salary issues

Differentiated Practice (2 decks)

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