history of medicine

Question 1

What did Alexander Fleming discover?

Answer 1

in 1928, discovered penicillin out of mold which kills staph bacteria

Question 2

What did Andreas Vesalius discover?

Answer 2

known as the “father of modern anatomy” because he recorded human anatomy by dissecting human cadavers

Question 3

What 2 things did Benjamin Franklin discover?

Answer 3

1. invented bifocals glasses in 1784
2. found out that colds can go from person to person

Question 4

What did Clara Barton discover?

Answer 4

in 1881, she founded the American Red Cross

Question 5

What 4 things did Florence Nightingale discover/do?

Answer 5

1. made the pioneering (theory) of nursing
2. reformed hospitals
3. invented pie-charts, or coxcomb diagrams, for visual statistics
4. invented polar area charts, similar to pie-charts, but shows a scale diagram

Question 6

how long were claudius galens’ teachings around for?

Answer 6

1500 years

Question 7

what 2 things did claudius galen discover?

Answer 7

1. found out that arteries carry blood away from the heart
2. describes the valves of the heart

Question 8

what is gregor mendel known for?

Answer 8

discovering the laws of inheritance by saying that genes come in a pair, one from each parent

Question 9

what was gregor mendel’s famous experiment?

Answer 9

cross-pollinating pea pods/plants

Question 10

what is hippocrates’ other name?

Answer 10

father of medicine

Question 11

what 3 things did hippocrates discover?

Answer 11

1. observed signs & symptoms of diseases
2. found out that diseases are not caused by supernatural forces
3. the theory of the four humors

Question 12

What 2 things is Joseph Lister known for?

Answer 12

1. first to use antiseptic during surgery
2. used asepsis to lower death rate in surgery

Question 13

What did Jonas Salk discover?

Answer 13

a killed polio virus would cause immunity to polio

Question 14

What 2 things did Louis Pasteur discover?

Answer 14

1. germ theory: one microorganism causes one disease
2. made first rabies vaccine

Question 15

What did Marie Curie discover?

Answer 15

found the element Radium and it is used in some cancer treatments

Question 16

What did Paul Ehrlich discover?

Answer 16

Discovered effect of medicine on disease causing microorganisms

Question 17

What did Wilhelm Roentgen discover?

Answer 17

discovered x-rays and how the “x” means unknown

Question 18

What did William Harvey discover?

Answer 18

16th century, found the one-way circulation blood and that it was pumped by the heart

Question 19

How did the Chinese contribute to medicine?

Answer 19

it’s the world oldest medical system which invented acupuncture and herbal medicine

Question 20

what are Egyptians one of the first to do?

Answer 20

first to keep health records

Question 21

what are the superstitions that Egyptians had?

Answer 21

believed that demons caused disease, so they kept the eye of horus with them to keep the demons away

Question 22

what 2 inventions did the Egyptians make that are still used today?

Answer 22

1. enemas for loosening stool
2. surgical circumcisions

Question 23

the Greeks were one of the first to do what?

Answer 23

first to study diseases

Question 24

what did Greeks disprove?

Answer 24

disproved the superstitions of the Egyptians with research

Question 25

what did the Greeks found out about disease?

Answer 25

diseases spread because of bad sanitation practices

Question 26

what is the symbol of medicine and who made it?

Answer 26

Aesculapius made the symbol of medicine with 1 staff and 1 serpent

Question 27

How did India contribute to medicine?

Answer 27

by using Ayurvedic methods, Shrushta, the father of surgery in India, document surgical procedures like rhinoplasty and skin graft

Question 28

what were the Romans the first to do?

Answer 28

first to organize medical care and establish a sanitation system

Question 29

what inventions did the Romans do to maintain public health?

Answer 29

made public baths, sewers, and aqueducts as a sanitation system

Question 30

what did Anton van Leeuwenhoek invent?

Answer 30

invented the microscope for viewing microorganisms

Question 31

what did Laennec invent?

Answer 31

invented the stethoscope so doctors did not have to put their ear on the patient’s chest to hear the heartbeat

Question 32

what did James Watson & Francis Crick discover?

Answer 32

the double helix structure of DNA

Question 33

What did the ancients think was the overall cause of disease?

Answer 33

supernatural forces, like demons, caused disease

Question 34

when was the birth of john hopkins hospital?

Answer 34

1876

Question 35

Who brought an end to the 1854 Cholera epidemic (London) by
tracing the source to a water pump?

Answer 35

john snow

Question 36

scurvy is a deficiency caused in what?

Answer 36

vitamin C

Question 37

who discovered the cause of “childbed fever” & proposed that cleanliness could reduce infection?

Answer 37

Semmelweis

Question 38

The first “human to human” heart transplant was performed in 1967 in South Africa by?

Answer 38

Christian Bernard

Question 39

Who discovered the cause of Scurvy and developed a successful treatment of drinking lime juice?

Answer 39

James Lind

Question 40

what did sir thomas lewis discover?

Answer 40

the technology of the EKG

Question 41

Who discovered laughing gas which has been used to make dentistry procedures less painful?

Answer 41

sir humphry davy

Question 42

who developed the first smallpox vaccine?

Answer 42

edward jenner

Question 43

Who was an ancient Egyptian physician whom the name has been given “God of Medicine”?

Answer 43

Imhotep

Question 44

in the four humors theory, what 4 fluids should be balanced for good health?

Answer 44

1. black bile
2. phlegm
3. yellow bile
4. blood