History of Empire Flashcards
1
Q
when was the empire?
A
27 BC - AD 476
2
Q
when does the empire begin?
A
January 16, 27 BC
3
Q
how does the empire begin?
A
when Octavian returns power to Senate, they name him Augustus
4
Q
what provinces are given to Augustus after he returns power to the Senate?
A
Egypt, Gaul, and Syria
5
Q
when is Augustus emperor?
A
27 BC to AD 14
6
Q
who did Augustus marry?
A
first Scribonia, then Livia
7
Q
who was the child of Augustus and Scribonia?
A
daughter Julia
8
Q
what did Augustus set up?
A
good administration
9
Q
what is often said of Augustus’ rule?
A
he ‘Found Rome brick and left it marble’
10
Q
what happens in AD 9?
A
Varus loses 3 legions in Germany because of Teutoberg Forest
11
Q
when was Teutoberg Forest?
A
AD 9
12
Q
who fought at Teutoberg Forest?
A
Varus vs. Arminius
13
Q
what is Arminius also known as?
A
Herman the German
14
Q
when did Tiberius rule?
A
AD 14 to AD 37
15
Q
who was the first emperor?
A
Augustus
16
Q
who was the first Julio-Claudian emperor?
A
Augustus
17
Q
who was the second Julio-Claudian emperor?
A
Tiberius
18
Q
who was the third Julio-Claudian emperor?
A
Caligula
19
Q
who was the fourth Julio-Claudian emperor?
A
Claudius
20
Q
who was the fifth Julio-Claudian emperor?
A
Nero
21
Q
when did Caligula rule?
A
AD 37 to AD 41
22
Q
when did Claudius rule?
A
AD 41 to AD 54
23
Q
when did Nero rule?
A
AD 54 to AD 68
24
Q
who was Tiberius the son of?
A
Livia
25
who did Tiberius marry?
Augustus' daughter Julia
26
who is Tiberius the uncle of?
Germanicus
27
where was Tiberius in exile first to?
Rhodes
28
where did Tiberius retire?
Capri
29
what does Caligula mean?
Little boots
30
what is Caligula's real name?
Gaius Julius Caesar
31
who is Caligula's dad?
Germanicus
32
how did Caligula die?
killed by Praetorian Guard
33
where did Germanicus keep Caligula?
army camp
34
when was Claudius emperor?
AD 41 - AD 54
35
who was the brother of Germanicus?
Claudius
36
how did Claudius become emperor?
he was chosen by the Praetorian Guard
37
what was unique about Claudius?
he had a limp and a tic and pretended to be stupid
38
what did Claudius conquer?
Britain
39
who did Claudius marry?
Messalina and Agrippina the Younger
40
how were Claudius and Agrippina the Younger related?
they got married, and she was his niece
41
who were Claudius' kids?
Britannicus and Octavia with Messalina,
| Nero (stepson) with Agrippina the Younger
42
when did Nero rule?
AD 54 - AD 68
43
what's Nero's real name?
Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus
44
who did Nero marry?
Claudius' daughter Octavia
45
when did Claudius become emperor?
around 16
46
who were Nero's tutors?
Seneca (stoic philosopher) and Burrus (military man)
47
when was the Great Fire?
AD 64
48
what enabled Nero to build the Domus Aurea?
the great fire
49
who did Nero blame for the great fire?
Christians
50
how did Nero die?
suicide
51
who built the Domus Aurea?
Nero
52
who revolted against Nero?
Queen Boudicca in Britain
53
what emperors made up the Civil War emperors?
Galba, Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian
54
what emperors made up the Julio-Claudian emperors?
Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero
55
how many Julio-Claudian emperors were there?
5
56
how many Civil War emperors were there?
4
57
when was Galba emperor?
AD 68-69
58
when was Otho emperor?
AD 69
59
when was Vitellius emperor?
AD 69
60
when was Vespasian emperor?
AD 69-79
61
who were the emperors in 69 AD?
Otho, Vitellius, and Vespasian
62
who named Otho princeps?
praetorian guard in rome
63
who named Vitellius princeps?
armies in Lower Rhine
64
what was Lower Rhine?
Germany
65
where did Vitellius defeat Otho?
Cremo
66
who named Vespasian princeps?
armies in Near East
67
who backed Galba against Nero?
Julius Vindex, governor of Gallia
68
who were the Flavian Emperors?
Vespasian, Titus, and Domitian
69
when was Titus emperor?
AD 79 -81
70
when was Domitian emperor?
AD 81 - 96
71
who were Vespasian's sons?
Titus and Domitian
72
who captured Jerusalem in AD 70?
Titus
73
what did Titus build in Jerusalem?
a triumphal arch
74
who started building the Colosseum?
Vespasian
75
when did the building of the Colosseum begin?
AD 72
76
who taxed toilets?
Vespasian
77
when did Mt. Vesuvius erupt?
August 24, AD 79
78
what cities did Mt. Vesuvius destroy?
Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae
79
who dedicated the Colosseum?
Titus
80
when was the Colosseum dedicated?
AD 80
81
what was Domitian called?
"dominus et deus"
82
what was Domitian known for?
Being cruel
83
who were the Five Good Emperors?
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
84
who was the first of the Five Good Emperors?
Nerva
85
who was the second of the Five Good Emperors?
Trajan
86
who was the third of the Five Good Emperors?
Hadrian
87
who was the fourth of the Five Good Emperors?
Antoninus Pius
88
who was the fifth of the Five Good Emperors?
Marcus Aurelius
89
when did Nerva rule?
AD 96 - 98
90
when did Trajan rule?
AD 98 - 117
91
when did Hadrian rule?
AD 117 - 138
92
when did Antoninus Pius rule?
AD 138 - 161
93
when did Marcus Aurelius rule?
AD 161 - 180
94
what was Nerva before becoming emperor?
elderly senator
95
who did Nerva adopt?
Trajan
96
who is Trajan's adopted dad?
Nerva
97
who did Trajan fight?
Dacia
98
what did Trajan do to commemorate his fight against Dacia?
he built a column
99
who was emperor when the Roman Empire was at its largest extent?
Trajan
100
when was the Roman Empire at its largest extent?
117
101
who did Trajan adopt?
Hadrian
102
where was Trajan born?
Spain
103
who was Hadrian's adopted dad?
Trajan
104
what did Hadrian love?
travel, architecture, and Greek things
105
what did Hadrian reduce Italy to?
an imperial province
106
which emperor reduced Italy to an imperial province?
Hadrian
107
which emperor built a wall between Britain and Scotland?
Hadrian
108
who did Hadrian adopt?
Antoninus Pius
109
which emperor celebrated the 900th anniversary of Rome?
Antoninus Pius
110
who did Antoninus Pius adopt?
M. Aurelius and L. Verus to be co-emperors
111
who did Marcus Aurelius co-rule with?
Verus
112
when did Marcus Aurelius co-rule with Verus?
AD 161-169
113
what was Marcus Aurelius?
stoic philosopher
114
when was Commodus emperor?
AD 180 - 192
115
when was Pertinax emperor?
AD 193
116
when was Didius Julianus emperor?
AD 193
117
who did Commodus dress like?
Hercules
118
who was Commodus?
the cruel son of Marcus Aurelius
119
what three emperors were between the five good emperors and the Severan dynasty?
Commodus, Pertinax, and Didius Julianus
120
how did Didius Julianus become emperor?
he bought the Empire at auction, beating out Sulpicianus
121
who was Sulpicianus?
the father-in-law of Pertinax
122
when was the Severan dynasty?
AD 193 - 235
123
when did Septimius Severus rule?
AD 193 - 211
124
what emperors were in the Severan dynasty?
Septimius Severus, Caracalla, Macrinus, Elagabalus, and Severus Alexander
125
who was the first emperor of the Severan Dynasty?
Septimius Severus
126
who was the second emperor of the Severan Dynasty?
Caracalla
127
who was the third emperor of the Severan Dynasty?
Macrinus
128
who was the fourth emperor of the Severan Dynasty?
Elagabalus
129
who was the fifth emperor of the Severan Dynasty?
Severus Alexander
130
when was Caracalla emperor?
AD 211 - 217
131
when was Macrinus emperor?
AD 217-218
132
when was Elagabalus emperor?
AD 218-222
133
when was Severus Alexander emperor?
AD 222-235
134
where was Septimius Severus?
Lepcis Magna
135
what is modern-day Lepcis Magna?
Libya
136
who was Septimius Severus' wife?
Julia Domna
137
where did Septimius Severus march on Rome from?
his post in Pannonia
138
who made claims to the title of emperor against Septimius Severus?
both Clodius Albinus and Pescennius Niger, but they were both defeated by 197
139
who was Caracalla's co-emperor?
his brother, Geta, who he killed in 212
140
when was the Constitutio Antoniniana passed?
212
141
what did the Constitutio Antoniniana do?
gave citizenship to all free men in the Empire
142
who killed Caracalla?
Macrinus
143
what was Macrinus before becoming emperor?
Prefect of Praetorian Guard
144
what was Elagabalus named for?
a Syrian god
145
what was Elagabalus' real name?
Bassianus
146
how old was Severus Alexander when he became emperor?
when he was 13
147
why did Severus Alexander have his grandmother as his regent, and then his mother, (along with a 16 member council) to help him rule?
because he was only 13 when he became emperor
148
who was Severus Alexander's grandma?
Julia Maesa
149
who was Severus Alexander's mom?
Julia Mamaea
150
who are referred to as the Barracks Emperors?
the emperors of the next 50 or so years after the end of the Severan dynasty
151
who was the first of the Barracks Emperors?
Valerian
152
who was the last emperor in the west?
Romulus Augustulus
153
when did Odoacer become king of Italy?
AD 476
154
who captured Valerian?
Shapur I
155
when was Valerian captured?
AD 260
156
who was the wife of Odenathus?
Zenobia
157
how did Zenobia become queen of Palmyra?
at the death of her husband
158
when did Zenobia become queen of Palmyra?
AD 268
159
who captured Zenobia and her son Vabalathus?
Aurelian
160
who was Zenobia's son?
Vabalathus
161
when/where were queen Zenobia and her son captured?
Battle of Palmyra in AD 273
162
what title is Aurelian given?
Restitutor Orbis -- restorer of the world (clearly not one of the barracks emperors)
163
when was Diocletian emperor?
AD 284 -- 305
164
when was the end of the barracks emperors?
Diocletian
165
when was the first roman tetrarchy?
during Diocletian's rule
166
what is a tetrarchy?
4 man rule
167
who made up the first tetrarchy?
Diocletian, Maximianus, Galerius and Constantius
168
who were the Augusti in the first tetrarchy?
Diocletian and Maximianus
169
who were the Caesars in the first tetrarchy?
Galerius and Constantius
170
when was Constantine emperor?
AD 312 - 337
171
when did Romulus Augustulus become emperor?
AD 476
172
who was Aetius?
Roman general (later emperor) who stopped Attila the Hun in AD 451 in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
173
when/where was Attila the Hun stopped?
AD 451 in the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
174
who stopped Attila the Hun?
Aetius
175
who was Alaric?
Visigoth who sacked Rome in AD 410
176
Who was Valens defeated by?
Goths
177
when/where was Valens defeated?
Battle of Adrianople in AD 378
178
what was Julian called?
the Apostate
179
when was the Edict of Toleration passed?
AD 362
180
who was emperor when the Edict of Toleration was passed?
Julian (the Apostate)
181
what did the Edict of Toleration order?
reopening of pagan temples and recalling of exiled Christian Bishops
182
who did Constantine beat at Milvian Bridge in AD 312?
Maxentius
183
how did Constantine defeat Maxentius at Milvian Bridge AD 312?
he saw a vision -- in hoc signo vinces
184
what did the Edict of Milan do?
made Christianity legal
185
when was the Edict of Milan passed?
AD 313
186
who was emperor when the Edict of Milan was passed?
Constantine
187
what religion did Constantine join at his deathbed?
Christianity
188
where did Constantine build and move the capital to?
Constantinople (Byzantium, now called Istanbul)
