History of Chemistry Flashcards
He was an Italian scientist who came up with Avogadro’s law which states that equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules when under the same conditions of pressure and temperature. The Avogadro constant was named after him.
Amedeo Avogadro
He was a Swedish chemist who is most famous for helping to develop the notation for writing chemical formulas
Jons Jacob Berzelius
He is considered the first modern chemist and one of the founders of chemical science.
Robert Boyle
A Polish chemist who coined the term radioactivity. She also discovered the elements polonium and radium. She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and won the award twice, once for physics in 1903 and again for chemistry in 1911. The unit for measuring radioactivity, the Curie, is named after her and her husband Pierre.
Marie Curie
He is an english chemist who helped to develop the atomic theory about atoms and elements.
John Dalton
He is best known for using electrolysis to isolate and discover many elements.
Sir Humphry Davy
An English chemist and physicist who contributed to the discovery of the DNA double helix. Her X-ray diffraction image of DNA played an important role in its discovery
Rosalind Franklin
A French chemist who is sometimes referred to as the “father of modern chemistry”. He developed the “law of conservation of mass”
Antoine Lavoiser
A Russian chemist who came up with the first periodic table of the elements which he published in 1865.
Dmitri Mendeleyev
A Swedish chemist and inventor who invented dynamite. He was a prolific inventor and held 350 patents. He is perhaps most famous for starting the Nobel Prize. The element nobelium is named after him
Alfred Nobel
An ancient Greek and student of Aristotle, first suggested the existence of the atom about 400 BC. He hypothesized that matter could be subdivided again and again until it would finally reach a particle which could not be divided. This smallest “indivisible” particle he called “atomos”
Democritus
An Englishman who was the first to develop and publish a theory about how atoms looked and behaved. He conceived of the atom as a solid sphere, much like a billiard ball.
John Dalton
He is known for coming up with a ionic theory and definitions for both acids and bases.
Svante Arrhenius
He is famous in chemistry for naming the electrons that JJ Thomson later discovered had a negative charge.
Eugene Goldstien
Famous for formulating the gas law that relates pressure of a gas and temperature and for formulating the Ideal Gas Law.
Gay Lussac
