History Of Blood Banking

Question 0

A Chinese guy who said that the “blood contained the soul”

Answer 0

Huang Di Nei Ching

Question 1

Vital force
Essence of life
“Drinking blood as a tonic for rejuvenation and for the treatment of various diseases.

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

Blood baths for physical and spiritual restoration

Answer 2

Egyptians

Question 3

Drank blood of fallen gladiators in the belief that the blood could transmit vitality

Answer 3

Romans

Question 4

Where blood letting is depicted

Answer 4

Ancient greek vase

Question 5

A greek physician who postulated that the body consisted of four humours namely; blood, phlegm, black bile, yellow bile.

Answer 5

Hippocrates (400 BC)

Question 6

A greek philosopher who said that the central organ is the heart. And following dissections of many different animals, he said that is it a three chambered organ

Answer 6

Aristotle

Question 7

Greek physician who said that there is dark and bright blood that flows in separate chamber which interconnect.

Mentioned that liver is the origin of blood and kidney as a filter.

Answer 7

Claudius Galenus (Galen)

Question 8

Earliest recorded person who receive a transfusion from 3 young boys as a remedy for apoplectic stroke. (Unsuccessful blood transfusion)

Answer 8

Pope Innocent VIII

Question 9

During this time, blood letting is the most popular for of treating various ailments.

Answer 9

18th century

Question 10

Discovered blood circulation during 1616

Answer 10

William Harvey

Question 11

Era of real blood transfusion

Answer 11

1616

Question 12

Performed the first successful animal to animal blood transfusion (dog to dog)

Answer 12

Richard Lower (1665)

Question 13

Performed the first successful animal to human blood transfusion.

Answer 13

Jean Baptiste Denis (1667)

Question 14

Patient of Jean Baptiste Denis who received a blood from a calf. Also received three transfusion but died because of the poison from his wife

Answer 14

Antoine Mauroy

Question 15

Invented the bleeding bowl with graduation to measure blood volume.

Answer 15

John Foster (1740)

Question 16

Discovered the basis for incompatibility between species

Answer 16

Emil Ponfick and Leonardo Landois (1800)

Question 17

Said that donor and recipient must be of the same species.

Answer 17

John Henry Leacock

Question 18

Performed the first successful human to human blood transfusion for a woman dying from postpartum haemorrhage with the blood of her husband

Answer 18

James Blundell (1818)

Question 19

Experimented on phosphate of soda as an anticoagulant but failed. Recommended sodium phosphate (Na3PO4) as an anticoagulant

Answer 19

Braxton Hicks

Question 20

Reported first human to human transfusion using citrated blood

Answer 20

Albert Hustin (1914)

Question 21

Sodium citrate as anticoagulant at a certain percentage (0.2%) - bot toxic to human even if 2.5 ml of it was transfused

Answer 21

Richard Lewisohn (1915)

Question 22

Added dextrose to citrate that extended the blood preservation up to 2 weeks

Answer 22

Thomas Rous and Catherine Turner (1916)

Question 23

Developed Acid Citrate Dextrose making the blood to be stored up to 3 weeks

Answer 23

John Freedom Loutit and Patrick Loudon Mollison (1943)

Question 24

Showed that glycerol can extend RBC life to 10 years

Answer 24

Smith (1950)

Question 25

Introduced CPD and replaced ACD. The standard preservative for blood storage.

Answer 25

Gibson (1957)

Question 26

Discovered ABO group but only A, B, O

Answer 26

Karl Landsteiner (1901)

Question 27

Discovered 4th Blood Group (AB) They were former students of Landsteiner.

Answer 27

Alfred Decastello and Adriano Sturli (1932)

Question 28

Advocated selecting donors by blood group and crossmatching

Answer 28

Ludvig Hektoen

Question 29

Demonstrated the importance of compatibility testing in his report of 128 cases of transfusion

Answer 29

Reuben Ottenberg (1913)

Question 30

Proved the inheritance pattern of blood groups

Answer 30

Felix Bernstein (1942)

Question 31

Discovered the Rhesus Rh blood type

Answer 31

Philip Levine (1939)

Question 32

Developed Rh immune globin for the prevention of HDN

Answer 32

Ronald fisher (1944)

Question 33

Described the use of antihuman globulin to identify "incomplete" antibodies - coombs test

Answer 33

Robin Coombs, Arthur Mourant, Rob Race (1945)

Question 34

Made a double walled funnel which the outer compartment was filled with warm water

Answer 34

James Blundell Impellor

Question 35

A complex device that lanced the donor multiple times to extract the patient's capillary blood

Answer 35

Gasellius

Question 36

Invented a simpler method for transfusion that used a 2 silver cannulas with a compressible bulb in the middle to sustain the flow. The method was performed in bellevue hospital performed by medical and nurse staff but administered it in the wrong orientation

Answer 36

James Aveling

Question 37

First to successfully carry out vein to vein transfusion by using multiple syringes and special cannula

Answer 37

Edward Lindemann

Question 38

Designed a syringe that made transfusion possible even without the assistance of a physician

Answer 38

Unger

Question 39

Proposed use of blood type O to soldiers

Answer 39

Ostwald Robertson

Question 40

The first appointed director of the american red cross blood bank

Answer 40

Dr. Charles Drew