History Notes - WWI and WWII Flashcards
Finish before the end of this weekend please bro
What act did the Australian government pass in 1914 to detain enemy aliens?
War Precautions Act
This act allowed the government to restrict and detain individuals from countries at war with Australia.
How many people were interned in Australia during World War I?
Over 6,890 people
Mainly Germans, Austrians, and Turks were interned in camps.
What were the primary actions taken by the Australian government against enemy forces during World War I?
Legislative measures and administrative actions
Australia operated under British military authority while implementing domestic controls.
Who was assassinated on June 28, 1914, triggering World War I?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
He was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne.
What were the two main legislative frameworks established by the Australian government during WWI?
- Trading with the Enemy Act
- War Precautions Act
What did the Trading with the Enemy Act do?
Cancelled trade agreements with Germany and its allies
It restricted commercial interactions with enemy nations.
What was the purpose of the War Precautions Act?
Classified individuals of German ancestry as ‘enemy aliens’
It enabled the internment of suspected threats.
What was one of the control mechanisms implemented by the Australian government during WWI?
Internment System
Nearly 7,000 Germans were detained in Australia.
What cultural measures were taken against German Australians during WWI?
- Closure of German businesses
- Closure of German schools
- Renaming of German food and places
- Ban on German music and cultural practices
What significant military operation did Australia conduct in the Pacific Theater during WWI?
Occupation of German New Guinea
This occurred in September 1914.
What was the impact of the Australian government’s control mechanisms during WWI?
- Dismantled German Australian community
- Led to thousands leaving Australia
- Created deep social divisions
What act allowed for the internment of aliens during World War II?
National Security Act of 1939
It included Germans, Italians, and Japanese.
How many people were interned in Australia during World War II?
Over 12,000 people
Internment camps included Tatura and Loveday.
What was the term used to describe citizens of states legally at war with the British Empire?
Enemy aliens
This included immigrants from various enemy countries.
Which groups were classified as ‘enemy aliens’ in Australia during World War II?
- German descent
- Italian descent
- Japanese descent
What was a consequence faced by Italian Australians during World War II?
Extreme discrimination
Many were forced to work on farms.
What was the aim of internment during World War I?
To protect Australians from ‘disaffected and disloyal’ ‘enemy aliens’
Internment was implemented without charge or trial.
What was the status of rationing during World War I in Australia?
No formal rationing, but voluntary restrictions encouraged
Prices of food and goods rose sharply due to shortages.
What items were rationed in Australia during World War II?
- Sugar
- Butter
- Meat
- Tea
- Petrol
- Clothing
What was a key propaganda theme during World War II in Australia?
Anti-Japanese sentiment
This was used to unite Australians.
What were the main causes of World War I?
- Militarism
- Alliance Systems
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
What motivated men to enlist in World War I?
- Propaganda
- Loyalty to Britain
- Money
- Fight for country’s freedom
- Patriotism
- Adventure
