history midterm Flashcards
extra
surplus
specialized branch of anthropology
archaeology
government ruled by a divine figure
theocracy
objects made by human beings
artifacts
period of time before written records
prehistory
a group of states or territories controlled by one ruler
empire
political unit that includes city and its surrounding lands and villages
city state
complex highly organized social order
civilization
belief in many gods
polytheism
spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one culture to another
cultural diffusion
name the 5 themes of geography
location place religion humans interacting with the environment movement
8 major features of a civilization
cities arts and architecture social classes public works government complex religions writing job specialization
4 major river valley civilizations
Nile
Tigris and Euphrates
Huang He
Indus
Egyptian rulers
pharaohs
waterfall
cateracts
simple form of writing
demotic
preservation of the body
mummification
plants that grow along the nile
papyrus
ruling family
dynasty
picture representing an idea
ideogram
decode
decipher
soil
silt
god of the NIle
Osiris
Sun god
Amon re
in which period was the ramesside period
new kingdom
moon goddess
isis
judge of the dead
osiris
old kingdom was known as
pyramid age
most common occupation for most Egyptians was
peasant farmer
the middle kingdom was known as
age of nobles
in what period were the biggest gains fro the common people made
middle kingdom
what period were huge irrigation projects taken on
middle kingdom
what year was the Rosetta stone found
1798
the 150 year period between old and middle kingdom was described as
disorder
which sea lies east of egypt
red sea
true or false egyptian women were confined to home work
false
true or false educated scribes played a very small role in egyptian society
false
true or false the libyan desert lies to the east of the nile river
true
true or false lower egypt lies at the nile entrance to the medit. sea
true
true or false about 3100 BC King Minos, king of upper egypt, united upper and lower
false
true or false a river bed is a triangular area of marshland that sits at the mouth of some rivers
false
in 250 BC herodotus compiled a complete synopsis of egyptian history
false
true or false the nile river flows north
true
true or false the rosetta stone was found by the army of Ramses II
false
true or false egypt lies in the continent of europe
false
slaves
helots
leader during golden age of athens
pericles
ruled by land holding elite
aristocracy
city
polis
government by the people
democracy
formal agreement of cooperation
alliance
temporary exile of a citizen
ostracize
law making body
legislature
rational thinking
logic
formation of heavily armed soldiers
phalanx
athenian politician and general
themistocles
son of darius
xerxes
true or false greece has decent soil but poor climate
false
true or false minoans settled on the island of sicily
false
true or false a fresco is a wet painting done on wet plaster
true
true or false zeus was the god of sky and king of gods
true
true or false herodotus was well known for his historical writing on the pelopennesian wars
true
true or false the dark ages in greece were also known as the Homeric age
false
true or false xerxes led a persian army in both the second and third persian war
false
true or false the delian league was dominated by the persian empire
false
true or false athenian men wishing to become citizens served a mandatory 5 year stint in the military
false
true or false the archon cleisthenes was known for being harsh and severe
false
true or false the archon Pisistratus was known for abolishing landowning requirements to be a citizen
true
true or false the agora was city states hilltop fortress
false
sparta or athens located on the greek mainland
Athens
sparta or athens all men served in the military as their primary occupation
sparta
sparta or athens were traders and merchants
athens
sparta or athens built the parthenon
athens
sparta or athens fought the persians at the battle of marthon
athens
sparta or athens home of the aeropgus
athens
spartan boys began training at age
7
the delian league was an alliance of city states that was formed after the
persian wars
which city state didn’t join the spartan alliance in the peloponnesian wars
miletus
where was xerxes finally defeated at the hands of themistocles in 480 BC
straight of salmis
650 - 500 BC greek government
tyranny
1200 - 750 BC greek gov
monarchy
civilization in 2000 - 1400 BC
minoans
civilization 1600 - 1200 BC
Aachens
800 - 650 BC greek gov
aristocracy
who ruled greece from 404 - 371 BC
sparta
who ruled greece from 371 - 362 BC
thebes
what did phillip II build the first ..
paid army
when did Phillip become king
359 BC
murder of public figure
assasination
when was phillip II killed
336 BC
where was phillip II assasinated
daughter’s wedding
what was used to kill phillip II
sword
when was alexander born
356
how old was he when he became king
20 years old
when did alexander become king
336 BC
who tutored Alexander
Aristotle
who did Alexander defeat in Asia Minor
persians
how old was Alexander when he died
33 years old
where was Alexander buried
Alexandria, Egypt
who did Alexander claim to be his real father
zeus
after Alexander’s death, his kingdom was divided up into
3 kingdoms
what were the three Alexander kingdoms called
syria, egypt, macedonia
who took over the kingdoms
romans
what poison killed socrates
hemlock
true or false Aristotle’s school in athens was called the acdemy
false
true or false the motto of plato’s republic was know thyself
false
true or false aristotle was socrates greatest student
false
true or false phillip II sough the services of Aristotle to tutor his son Alexander
true
punic war general
scipio
son of hamiclar
hanibal
bridge like structure
aqueduct
military leader who conquered gaul
caesar
to block
veto
middle class
plebians
landholding upperclass
patricians
selected by senator to serve one year
consuls
lands under roman rule
provinces
elected officials of plebians
tribunes
true or false latifundias were huge estates owned by wealthy families
true
true or false rome gained gaul as a result of the 2nd punic war
false
true or false the basic unit of roman society was loyalty
false
true or false roman sculptors stressed realism
true
true or false the pax romana was a turbulent time
false
true or false upon conquering new lands, the roman empire split the newly acquired lands into townships
false
true or false caesar was murdered in 46 BC
false
true or false lands that the roman empire conquered were able to keep their governments
true
how long did the roman republic last
500 years
punic war hannibal defeats the romans in the north
2nd
punic war fought over control of sicily
1st
punic war hamilcar led the carthaginian forces
1st
punic war carthage was left in ruins
3rd
punic war hannibal defeated at the battle of Zama
2nd
what year were the 12 stone tablets made
451 BC
which mountain chain lies north of the italian peninsula
alps
mountain chain forming the leg of the boot of italian peninsula
apennines
the sea that borders the east coast of italy
adriatic sea
what does punicus mean
phoenician
how many consuls were there
2
how many members of the senate were there
300
what was the basic military unit
legion
plebeian representatives
tribunes
how many months did a dictator serve
6 months
who inhabited southern italy
greeks
how many soldiers in a legion
5000
who split the roman emperor in 2 parts
diocletian
who built a new capital city
Constantinople
who embraced and expanded Christianity
Constantine
