History handout #1 Flashcards
Civilizations of the south
Incas – modern day Peru. Machu Picchu
Mayas
Aztecs – modern day Mexico. Tenochtitlan
Strong leaders. Sophisticated societies. Did not have wheel
Civilizations of the North
Woodland Indians, Plains Indians, etc.
Mixture of nomadic, semi-nomadic, and permanent societies.
1492 first discovery; 1533 Spain largest Empire in the World. Gold, missionary work, agriculture
Sugar and African Slavery
Arrival of English
Factors leading to English Colonies • Problems at Home • Mercantilism • Religion • Defeat of Spanish Fleet
Sir Walter Raleigh – Roanoke Island
Lost Colony – Croatoan
Norseman(Vikings)
first Europeans in the new world
Four general characteristics of early colonies:
The colonies were business enterprises.
Colonies developed their own political and social institutions.
Few efforts to blend with natives.
Almost nothing went as planned.
1607 Jamestown.
Not a real attempt to start society. Struggled for 17 years. 1609-1610 starving time. Started planting Tobacco. 1624 - King James revoked charter.
New England
Plymouth company never starts colony. Puritan Separatists had emigrated to Holland. Then decided to go to America. Landed 1620. Half died over first winter. At first befriended Indians.
Created Massachusetts Bay Company. 17 ships and 1,000 people in family groups immigrated. Church ran government. Not as somber as legend.
New York
Duke of York was granted area. Dutch had establishment on Manhattan Island. Very diverse cultures.
Pennsylvania
Quakers were persecuted in England. William Penn founded colony. Pennsylvania become very successful.
Carolinas
Eight companies were allowed to colonize Carolinas. Wealthy slave owners populated southern part. Poor populated northern part. King divided into North and South Carolina.
Georgia
Buffer state between rich and Spanish in Florida.
Navigation Acts – 1650’s – 1660’s. English attempt to regulate colonial trade. Started taxing American trade.
