History final study guide Flashcards
Who is Muhammahd Ali ( not the boxer ) and why was he important
Muhammahd Ali was an officer of the ottoman army in
1805. He seized power and created an independent egyptian.
Why did the British take an active interest in Egypt
The british were interested in Egypt mainly because of the Suez Canal
Why was it so crucial for the British to have access to the Suez
It was crucial for the British because it provided a much shorter route for ships traveling between Europe and Asia. This was essential for maintaining efficient trade and communication within the British empire.
Where was the canal located
The Suez canal was located in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean sea to the red sea.
Who is Cecil Rhodes? Why are they important to imperialism?
Cecil Rhodes was a British businessman and politician in South africa. He played a significant role in British imperialism by promoting British expansion in africa.
Who was Henry Stanley? How did he help with the colonization of Africa?
Henry Stanley was an american explorer who mapped central africa and helped king leopold ll establish the congo free state, which spurred European colonization efforts.
What country did Italy change the name of in Africa
Italy changed the name of Ethiopia to Italian east africa when they occupied the country i in 1936
How did Egypt revolt?
They organized political parties and movements for independence
What were people mining for in South Africa ?
People were mining for gold and diamonds
Who were the Boers and why did they go to war ?
The Boers were Dutch settlers in South africa. They went to war with the British in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly in the wars to resist British control and maintain their independence in the region.
Where did European countries meet to sort out issues they had in East Africa ?
They met at berlin conference in 1884-1885
Who is David Livingstone and how did his work impact The continent in Africa?
He was an explorer who spent 30 years in Africa mainly exploring the interior of the continent. His work impacted the continent by opening up Central Africa to missionaries who initiated the education and healthcare for Africans, and trade by the African Lakes Company.
Who sent and who was sent to find Livingstone?
Henry stanley was sent from the american newspaper, the New York Herald to find Livingstone
What was King Leopold ii known for in Africa
King Leopold ii was known for brutal treatment of the congolese.
How did the rise of Nationalism in Africa rise (give me multiple examples)
Africans could only have low paying jobs which meant for some they lost their farmlands or had to work on plantations or factories. Some African leaders lost the rights to mine natural resources. Middle class qualifiers only for menial jobs with lower pay than Europeans. Europeans even had segregated clubs, schools, churches, and were condescending to Africans
What did Cecil Rhodes build in Africa? Was it successful?
Rhodes founded diamond and gold mining companies which were very successful and made him a fortune.
What were the benefits of colonialism in Southeast Asia ?
There were many benefits for the Europeans, who got new materials and territories by exploiting other nations.
What is imperialism?
A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force.
Why was this called new imperialism ?
European countries used to be satisfied with simple trade routes in other countries. Now in the new stage of imperialism, they sought direct, complete control over other nations.
What are some motives for imperialism?
The European countries needed more materials and resources to continue their mass production and industrialization. Gathering colonies was a matter of pride in European countries, and also helped them gain the upper hand in their rivalries. Also, social Darwinism and racism led Europeans to believe that they were better than the other races and deserved to rule them.
How did Social Darwinism and racism play a key role in imperialism?
The ideals led Europeans to believe that they were better than other races and deserved to rule them.
What is the white man’s burden?
The “White man’s burden” is the belief that Europeans had to “civilize” other races and owed it to the people they colonized to teach them their religions and force their culture on them.
Why was it important for nations to acquire colonies ? What were the advantages?
Nations acquired colonies to access resources, gain strategic military bases, and expand their markets for trade. These advantages helped them grow economically and increase their global influence.
What is Gunboat Diplomacy?
Gunboat diplomacy is a foreign policy tactic where a country uses the threat of military force to acheive its goals with other nations. It typically involves displaying naval power to intimidate or pressure another country into compliance.
What is Indirect rule and what did it mean for the people?
Indirect rule is when a colonizing country uses local leaders to govern the colony instead of sending their own officials. This meant that people were still ruled bt their traditional leaders, but those leaders had to follow the orders of the colonizers.
What is Direct rule and what would happen during it?
Direct rule is when a colonizing country sends its own people to govern the colony. They make all the decisions and enforce their own laws, leaving local leaders with little power.
What forms of technology made imperialism easier and tell me how it did (transportation, communication, print)
Trains and steamships helped move people in goods quickly. The telegraph allowed fast messaging.
Newspapers and books spread information. These made it easier for Imperial powers to control their colonies.
What were some of the medical advances that helped people feel comfortable going into Southeast Asia and Africa?
Some medical advantages that help people feel comfortable going into South East Asia and Africa included vaccines for malaria. These made it safer for people to travel and live in these regions.
What was the role of Quinine
Quinine Help to treat malaria, making it safer for people to go to places like southeast Asia and Africa.
What was the purpose of Singapore? What does this name mean?
Singapore was a major trading port that helped control trade routes between Asia and europe. The name Singapore means lion City in Sanskrit.
How did the British end up getting control of Burma? Why did they need Burma?
The British took control of Burma through a series of Wars called the Angelo Burmese wars. They needed Burma for its resources like teak wood and oil, and to expand their influence in the region.
What were some of the original issues the Vietnamese had with France coming into their country?
The Vietnamese were unhappy with the French coming into their country because the French wanted to control their land and resources. This led to the loss of Independence and cultural changes that the Vietnamese did not like.
How did Thailand, Vietnam, and The philippines Resist Imperialism ( explain all three, they all did it a different way)
Thailand State Independent by making smart deals with European countries and updating their own government and army. They kept the British and French from taking over by playing them against each other. Vietnam resisted imperialism by fighting back with uprising and use guerrilla warfare. They also formed groups to push for independence. The Philippines resisted imperialism by fighting an American control through revolts and Wars to gain independence.
How did the new age of people resist the colonizers ? (They also had a different way)
People resisted colonizers by organizing independence movements, using protests, and sometimes fighting back. They also worked to keep their cultures and unite against foreign rule.
