History Final Exam Flashcards
What 3 groups came together to create Rome?
The Latins, Greeks and Etruscans
What influences did the Etruscans have on Roman life?
The Etruscans contributed things such as writing, their alphabet and the Roman arch
When was Tarquin the proud ousted from power, ending the Roman monarchy beginning the republic?
509 BCE
What geographical advantages did Rome have?
The 7 hills of Rome protected the city along with the mountain ranges, the Tiber provided water advantages and Rome was in a good spot for trade.
How was the Roman republic organized?
The consuls command the military and directed the government. Consuls could veto each other’s choices. The senate consisted of 300 upper class Romans who influenced foreign and domestic policy. A dictator would be appointed during times of crisis. These dictators had absolute power to make laws and command the army. Their term only lasted for up to 6 months.
What function did the Roman forum serve?
The forum served as a political center of Rome. It was also used for public speeches, criminal trials, gladiatorial matches and commercial affairs.
Who were the Patricians?
The Patricians were wealthy landowners who inherited their power.
Who were the Plebeians?
Plebeians were common farmers and artisans that could vote but could not hold office.
What did the Tribune do?
The tribune was an elected council of representatives that protected the rights of Plebeians.
What was the 12 tables?
The twelve tables were a written code of laws that prevented wrongful interpretation of the laws. This also allowed all Roman citizens to vote.
When were the 12 tables formed?
451 BCE
Romulus and Remus found Rome in what year?
753 BCE
Who was Cincinnatus and when did he become dictator?
Cincinnatus was elected to become a dictator in 519 BCE, his term lasted for 15 days.
How long did the Punic Wars last?
118 years from 264-146 BCE
Who was Scipio?
A Roman general during the Punic wars?
Who was Hannibal?
He was the son of Hamlicar Barca, sworn to hate the Romans. He was the general of Carthage during the Punic Wars. He committed suicide after being captured by the Romans.
What was the cause of the Punic Wars?
The Carthaginians opposed Roman expansion, Rome wanted control of Sicily.
What was the outcome of the Punic Wars?
Rome dominated the Western Mediterranean.
When did the Roman Republic fall?
The Roman Republic fell in 27 BCE
What were the reasons for the fall of the Roman Republic?
Tensions between the upper and lower classes
Military Leaders became power hungry
Julius Caesar and his death
The Gracchus brothers
When was Julius Caesar killed?
The Ides of March. March 15, 44 BCE.
What did Julius Caesar reform?
The calendar.
Who was Brutus and what significance does he hol in Julius Caesar’s life?
Brutus was a senate members and one of Julius’ best friends. He was the leader of the conspiracy to kill Caesar. Caesar’s last words after being stabbed were, “Et Tu Brute?,” or “You too, Brutus?”
Who were the members of the first triumvirate?
Julius Caesar, Pompey and Crassus.
60-53 BCE
