History Final Flashcards
what were the causes and effects of the great depression
causes: unemployment, unevenly distribution of wealth, and easy access to credit
effects: banks collapsed, businesses closed, and unemployment rose
how successful were government policy decisions in addressing the economic problems of the great depression
the new deal was a success because we never had a great depression after that policy, it also set up the FDIC, social security, and more
what led to the rise of dictators after WW1
- bad economies/gov’t
- international depression
- lack of democracy
what kinds of sources offer the best insight into the causes, course, and effects of WW2
-diaries, newspapers, and any primary documents
what was the “final solution”
the plan to exterminate all Jews
- did it because they hated Jews (anti-seminism) was the “reason” for depression in Germany
- failed because they didn’t get rid of all the Jews
what was island hopping and why was it used
going from one island to another and capturing it then it would be easier to launch missiles at Japan
what finally brought an end to WW2
the allies had surrendered
what was the iron curtain
an imaginary curtain that divided democratic western Europe from communist east Europe
who was Harry Truman and what was the Truman Doctrine
harry truman was the president of the US after FDR had passed away
-truman doctrine was giving aid to Greece and Turkey because they were in danger to falling to communism
what was the cold war
war between communism and capitalism/democracy
- happened all over the world (cuba, vietname, korea)
- it was fought by threatening both sides with nuclear weapons
- didn’t directly fight but helped other countries
what was the marshall plan? was it effective
- gave billions of dollars to countries after WW2 so they wouldn’t fall to communism and they didn’t
- also made them buy American goods which boosted our economy
what happened to berlin after the war? what was the berlin airlift?
berlin was divided and owned by France, GB, US, and Soviet Union
-berlin airlift delivered thousands of food and other supplies to west berlin
what senator led the hunt for communists in the US and what effect did the hunt for communists have on the US in general
- joseph mccarthy
- made US into more of a conformist county
- everyone tried to be the same, if you stuck out you were considered a communist
why did the US fight in Korea
South Korea was close to falling to communism
-North Korea didn’t take over South Korea and South Korea didn’t fall to communism
what is containment
a policy to make sure communism doesn’t spread
what was sputnik? what impact did it have on the US
sputnik was the first earth satellite; Soviet Union defeated US into space
-impacted US because government started spending more money on math and science to get a man on the moon
what roles were American women expected to fill in the 1950s
they were supposed to take the role of men because they went to go fight in the war
how can citizens most effectively communicate with government officials and organizations to affect public policy
- protests
- boycotts
- civil disobedience
ex. march on washington
what is the difference between defacto segregation and dejure segregation
defacto: segregation by custom and tradition
dejure: Segregation by law
what was brown vs. board of education and what did it end
a court case where the supreme court ruled that “separate but equal” education between whites and african americans was unconstitutional
how close was the election of 1960? what impact did this have on Kennedy’s presidency?
the election was very close and since it was close it didn’t allow Kennedy to have a mandate so Congress wouldn’t easily pass his ideas/laws
what was the berlin wall and why was it built
it separated west berlin (democracy) and east berlin (communism) and it was built so people from east berlin couldn’t flee to west berlin
what was the bay of pigs?
an invasion of cuba to try to overthrow Castro
-failure: air strikes fail to destroy cuba’s air force
what other event in cuba nearly led to a nuclear war
cuban missile crisis: soviet union placed nuclear weapons in cuba so they could reach the US
- kennedy decides to blockade
- almost leads to nuclear destruction
what was the Gulf of Tonkin Resoultion
US ships were attacked by north vietnamese were “unprovoked”
-gave Johnson a “blank check” which was a reason to go to war without congress’ approval
what was the tet offensive and how did it effect morale at home
- american defeat in media
- people start to get angry and distrust the government
- forms credibility gap
what was the ho chi minh trail
trail that went through north vietnam, cambodia, and laos, and took troops and supplies
what was vietnamization
decreasing the amount of troops in vietnam and have south vietnam fight majority of the war
what is detente
negotiation and discussion to ease tension or relax strained tensions
what led to the credibility gap
US government said we were winning but then come home defeated
-people start to lose trust and question government
how successful was US in the cold war?
-very successful because they prevented the spread of communism, for example, they stopped South Korea from falling to communism. and overtime communism starts to fall
