History Final Flashcards

1
Q

Bomba

A

a Puerto Rican musical genre based on the different musical traditions that slaves brought to the island from Western Africa. Percussionists play the barrel drums, and its performance includes dancers, a singer, and a chorus.

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2
Q

Nueva trova

A

a musical style that originated in Latin America in the 1960s. The songs focus on social and political themes.

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3
Q

Plena

A

a musical genre that originated in PR’s southern coastal area. It appeared in the late 19th century. It includes fusions of Afro-Puerto Rican music with other musical traditions from the Caribbean.

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4
Q

Prolific

A

productive, producing large amounts of something, often rapidly.

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5
Q

Salsa

A

A fusion of musical rhythms from different parts of the Caribbean. It appeared in New York City in the 1950s and 1960s.

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6
Q

Seis

A

a Puerto Rican musical genre with the structure of a décima. The seis combines musical traditions from Spain and Africa and uses some instruments of Taino origin. Its lyrics can be written, but are usually improvised by a trovador.

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7
Q

In the beginning of the 1940s ____ began to move to the towns and cities looking for jobs and a better life. As a results, ____ (____) and ____ were built.

A

rural dwellers
housing developments
urbanizaciones
public housing projects

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8
Q

The construction of ____ allowed people to move faster in their new vehicles. These ____ became a symbol of modernization in the island.

A

Paved roads

Vehicles

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9
Q

The government took charge and improved/built ____to quickly transport ____ ____ ____ ____. Also, to connect the ____ sides of the island.

A
roadways
products
raw materials
equipment
four
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10
Q

____ also helped provide employment to many workers and an efficient way to get there.

A

big projects

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11
Q

When the construction of the housing projects began they did so in ____ ____ ____ and later on, nearly all towns had public housing.

A

San Juan
Ponce
Mayaguez

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12
Q

By 1960 PR had a growing ____ ,formed during the industrialization and modernization period. By this time it was more common to own a ____. The culture of the automobile was embraced with newer and more affordable ____ becoming available in the island. The ____ spirit swept over the island.

A

middle class
car
models
consumer

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13
Q

Important businesses were found downtown, while malls began to build on the outskirts of towns. The consequences are:

A
  • People became more dependent on cars = more traffic.

- Downtown shopping areas declined.

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14
Q

The success of the ____ caused a crisis in the town centers and a change on the ____ ____ ____

A

mall
shopping habits
consumption patterns
economy

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15
Q

The ____ was growing at an unprecedented rate. Technology, such as ____ ____ ____ ____helped music reach everyone’s ears.

A
music industry 
radio
TV
record players
movies
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16
Q

Anthropology

A

the study of human beings and their way of life, including ethnicity, origins, and cultures

17
Q

____ was one of the first radio stations in the world (Dec. 1922). With the majority of homes owning ____ by the 1960s music kept flourishing through the island.

A

WKAQ

radios

18
Q

By the early 20th century ____ suffered a decline, especially with the arrival of the television. During this time, ____began in the afternoon and lasted until 10 or 11 pm.

A

theater

TV

19
Q

____ helped spread the news, such as in the case of the ____ incident in 1978.

A

Television

Cerro Maravilla

20
Q

The government created the ____ in 1955 to promote the idea of cultural nationalism and development of Commonwealth. It had the task of promoting Puerto Rican ____and ____and conserving the ____.

A

Institute of Puerto Rican culture
art
literature
cultural legacy.

21
Q

The tasks of the IPRC include:

A

-Restoring Old San Juan, with the help of mayor Felisa Rincón de Gautier
-Support the island’s intellectuals, writers, and artists.
-Found museums and restore historic buildings
Establish cultural centers around the island
Help define Puerto Rican culture

22
Q

The IPRC ignores:

A
  • The French immigrants’ contributions
  • The contributions from immigrant from the Lesser Antilles
  • Puerto Ricans who left the island and influenced our culture
23
Q

Over all, ____ is constantly changing which makes it very difficult to be defined.

A

Culture