History Exam 4- 1301

Question 1

Slave population by 1860

Answer 1

4 million

Question 2

Before the Civil War, amount of world’s cotton that came from the South

Answer 2

75%

Question 3

The internal slave trade moved slaves from where to where

Answer 3

From older states like Virginia to the lower south.

Question 4

Economic effect southern slavery had on the North

Answer 4

Helped finance industrialization and internal improvements.

Question 5

1800 to 1860 southern economy

Answer 5

Because economy was dominated by slave labor, most immigrants stayed away from the south because they could not compete with slave labor.

Question 6

Southern farmers of backcountry work their land with

Answer 6

Family labor because over time the price of slaves goes up.

Question 7

By 1850, how many slaves did most southerners own

Answer 7

1-5

Question 8

How to qualify as a “planter”

Answer 8

Own at least 20 slaves.

Question 9

“Prime field hand” cost between 1840 to 1860

Answer 9

Rose about 80%

Question 10

“Paternalists ethos”

Answer 10

This reflects the southern society that was hierarchical, specifically that the planters took responsibility for the lives under him.

Question 11

Celia

Answer 11

A slave woman who was put on trial for the murder of her master for sexually assaulting her. However, her trial and her punishment were put off for 9 months because she is pregnant. She is found guilty and executed. They did not want to take the master’s property, the child.

Question 12

Why did southern slaves live better than slaves in other parts of the Western Hemisphere?

Answer 12

The rising value of slaves made it more profitable for slave owners to take better care of their property, unlike the Caribbean.

Question 13

In some cases, free blacks were able to acquire

Answer 13

Enough wealth that they owned slaves.

Question 14

Percentage of slave men who did agricultural work

Answer 14

90%

Question 15

Biggest fear of slave

Answer 15

Being sold or having a family member sold

Question 16

“Jumping over the broomstick”

Answer 16

Slave marriage ceremonies because slave marriages were not legal.

Question 17

Slave revolts in the United States compared to Brazil and West Indies

Answer 17

They are smaller in scale and occur less often.

Question 18

Fugitive slaves understood what about the “North Star”

Answer 18

It led to freedom.

Question 19

Harriet Tubman

Answer 19

A slave who runs away but risks her life to go back to the South to free her family members and other slaves.

Question 20

Number of utopian communities in the U.S.

Answer 20

100

Question 21

Goals of reform communities

Answer 21

Want to reform the U.S. society on a cooperative basis.

Question 22

Utopian communities and property

Answer 22

They saw ownership of property as a key to economic independence, however, they wanted their members to give up their property for their cause.

Question 23

“Burned-over districts”

Answer 23

Located in New York and Ohio where religious revivals took place.

Question 24

Temperance Movement

Answer 24

To reduce the amount of alcohol consumed in the U.S. and it works (Reduces about a gallon and a half a year).

Question 25

Religious group who opposed Temperance Movement

Answer 25

Catholics

Question 26

Colonization of former slaves compared to Indian removal

Answer 26

Colonization of former slaves means freeing the slaves and then colonizing them somewhere else. If slaves and Indians were removed, assumes the United States would become a white society.

Question 27

An Appeal to the Cloured Citizens of the World

Answer 27

Written by David Walker

Question 28

William Lloyd Garrison

Answer 28

Famous abolitionist who argued among other things that the North should dissolve the union to free itself from slavery.

Question 29

How did abolitionists link themselves to the Revolutionary heritage?

Answer 29

Used the preamble of the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.

Question 30

How did abolitionists challenge stereotypes about African Americans and science?

Answer 30

Countered what was called pseudo-scientific claims that all species are separate.

Question 31

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Answer 31

A famous book that is an autobiography of a guy named Josiah Henson.

Question 32

The “gag rule”

Answer 32

A stipulation incorporated into the rules of Congress that forbade them from talking about petitions to end slavery.

Question 33

Significance of Elijah Lovejoy’s death

Answer 33

He is the first white person to be murdered in the name of abolition. His murder convinced a lot of white Americans that slavery was incompatible with American liberties.

Question 34

Dorothea Dix

Answer 34

One of her major crusades was the construction of insane asylums or mental hospitals for the insane because during the 1800s if you had a mental illness, you would be put in prison.

Question 35

Angelina and Sarah Grimke

Answer 35

Challenge the idea that men and women should occupy separate spheres.

Question 36

Reason President Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren rejected Texas annexation

Answer 36

Because slaves were already in Texas and that would bring the issue of slavery to national politics again and they wanted to avoid that.

Question 37

“Fifty-for forty or fight”

Answer 37

A reference to a call for the annexation of Oregon. Before this moment, Oregon was shared with Britain.

Question 38

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848

Answer 38

Occurs after the Mexican-American war. 1. It sets up the present-day boundaries of the U.S. by adding several new territories. 2. Set up protections for big landowners who are of Mexican descent in California.

Question 39

David Wilmot proposed what

Answer 39

To ban slavery in all territory that was acquired from Mexico from the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

Question 40

Compromise of 1850

Answer 40

The New Mexico and Utah territories would use popular sovereignty to decide about slavery.

Question 41

Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Answer 41

Gave federal officers the power to override local law enforcement.

Question 42

Motivation of Stephen A. Douglas’s to introduce Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 42

He wanted to build a transcontinental railroad in either one of these territories.

Question 43

Charles Sumner and Preston Brooks confrontation led to more support for

Answer 43

The new republican party. Charles Sumner is an abolitionist who gave an abolitionist speech in Congress. When he’s done he sits down and Preston Brooks, a Southern slave owner, beats him with a cane until he’s unconscious.

Question 44

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Answer 44

Deals with Dred Scott, a slave, who is taken to several free territories and free states with his owner. When he gets back to his home state, he sues for his freedom because he lived in free territory. Supreme Court decides he is not free. The court also says Congress could not ban slavery from territories.

Question 45

Reason Abraham Lincoln reentered politics

Answer 45

Does not agree with the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Question 46

John Brown

Answer 46

Famous for: 1. In 1856, he and his followers murdered several pro-slavery individuals in Kansas at Pottawatomie Creek. 2. In 1859, they raided the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry in Virginia but failed. Captured and executed.

Question 47

The 1860 Republican party platform

Answer 47

Slavery should not be extended into new states or territories.

Question 48

First state to pass an ordinance of secession

Answer 48

South Carolina

Question 49

John Crittenden

Answer 49

Attempted to institute a compromise to keep states from leaving the union by extending the Missouri Compromise line farther West but it was too late.

Question 50

How did the American Civil War begin?

Answer 50

The Confederates fired upon and captured Fort Sumter. A battle in which no one died.