History End Of Year Test

Question 1

Who was the King of England when he died in January 1066?

Answer 1

Edward the Confessor

Question 2

Why was Edward the Confessor’s death significant?

Answer 2

He died without direct heirs.

Question 3

Name three individuals who claimed the English throne in 1066.

Answer 3

Harold Godwinson, William of Normandy, Harald Hardrada

Question 4

What was the Witan?

Answer 4

A council of nobles who chose the next king.

Question 5

Who did the Witan choose as the next king?

Answer 5

Harold Godwinson

Question 6

What claim did William of Normandy make to the English throne?

Answer 6

William, a distant relative of Edward, claimed Edward promised him the throne in 1051. He also said Harold Godwinson swore to support his claim after William helped him in Normandy in 1064.

Question 7

Who supported Harald Hardrada’s claim?

Answer 7

Tostig, Harold Godwinson’s distant brother.

Question 8

Where did Harold Godwinson defeat Harald Hardrada?

Answer 8

At the Battle of Stamford Bridge.

Question 9

What was the main purpose of Motte and Bailey castles?

Answer 9

It establish military control and power over conquered territories

Question 10

What are two long-lasting changes in English society that resulted from the Norman Conquest?

Answer 10

Changes in governance, land ownership, and the cultural landscape.

Question 11

In what year did the Battle of Stamford Bridge take place?

Answer 11

1066

Question 12

After defeating Harald Hardrada, who did Harold Godwinson face in battle?

Answer 12

William of Normandy

Question 13

Where did William of Normandy land his invasion force?

Answer 13

England

Question 14

What did the rapid construction of motte and bailey castles allow the Normans to do?

Answer 14

Swiftly control conquered territories.

Question 15

What was the architectural evolution of Norman castles?

Answer 15

From wooden to stone structures.

Question 16

What was the name of the council of nobles that selected the king in Anglo-Saxon England?

Answer 16

The Witan

Question 17

What strategic move did Harold Godwinson make to solidify his claim to the throne?

Answer 17

His quick coronation

Question 18

How did Edward Grim contribute to our understanding of Thomas Becket’s murder?

Answer 18

He was a monk present at the murder and provided a primary source account.

Question 19

Following the Battle of Stamford Bridge, what made Harold Godwinson vulnerable to William’s impending invasion?

Answer 19

His forces were weakened and tired.

Question 20

In what way did William of Normandy see Harold Godwinson?

Answer 20

As a rival after his coronation

Question 21

Who was Thomas Becket in conflict with?

Answer 21

King Henry II

Question 22

What position did Thomas Becket hold that put him in conflict with King Henry II?

Answer 22

Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 23

What was King Henry II frustrated with regarding Becket?

Answer 23

King Henry II was upset because Thomas Becket said only the Church could judge priests, but Henry wanted to do it himself.

Question 24

What infamous question did King Henry II reportedly ask about Thomas Becket?

Answer 24

Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?

Question 25

What happened to the knights who murdered Thomas Becket?

Answer 25

They fled, were excommunicated, and ordered to serve in the Holy Land.

Question 26

What rebellion did Henry II face after Becket's murder?

Answer 26

A rebellion from his sons

Question 27

What position was Becket given by the Church three years after his death?

Answer 27

He became a saint

Question 28

What did Canterbury Cathedral become after Becket's death?

Answer 28

A pilgrimage site

Question 29

What did Henry II attribute to divine punishment?

Answer 29

The rebellion from his sons

Question 30

What did the pilgrims to Canterbury Cathedral believe?

Answer 30

That Becket's blood had healing powers

Question 31

What were some difficulties that King John had to face during his reign?

Answer 31

Financial difficulties, conflicts with the nobility, and military failures

Question 32

What did King John inherit from his brother Richard I?

Answer 32

A significant debt.

Question 33

# Money, army What led to the demand for improvement during King John's reign?

Answer 33

High taxes and poor military leadership

Question 34

What is the Magna Carta?

Answer 34

a contract that limited the kings power and gave **more** Power to the barons

Question 35

In what year was the Magna Carta signed?

Answer 35

1215

Question 36

Which clause in the Magna Carta established the right to a fair trial by jury?

Answer 36

Clause 39

Question 37

Name two places that hold remaining copies of the Magna Carta.

Answer 37

The British Library, Salisbury Cathedral, Lincoln Cathedral

Question 38

What conflict weakened King John's authority even further?

Answer 38

Conflict with the Church over the appointment of the Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 39

What did King John's high taxes and poor military leadership lead to?

Answer 39

Barons rebelled against King John for losing wars, high taxes, unfairness, and fighting the Church, making him sign the Magna Carta.

Question 40

For what did the Magna Carta serve as a model?

Answer 40

Constitutional law in various countries around the world.

Question 41

What were two causes of the Peasants' Revolt?

Answer 41

Low wages and the introduction of a poll tax

Question 42

What did the Statute of Labourers (1351) attempt to do?

Answer 42

Revert wages to pre-Black Death levels.

Question 43

Who was John Ball?

Answer 43

He was a priest and a key figure in the peasant revolt, he preaching against inequality and encouraging rebellion against the feudal system, low wages and poll taxes

Question 44

What did John Ball inspire peasants to demand?

Answer 44

Equality and reform.

Question 45

What factor led to the imposition of the poll tax?

Answer 45

War costs led to the poll tax.

Question 46

In what year did the Peasants' Revolt begin?

Answer 46

1381

Question 47

Who emerged as a leader of the Peasants' Revolt?

Answer 47

Wat Tyler

Question 48

What violent actions did the peasants take during their march?

Answer 48

Burning of buildings and the execution of unpopular officials.

Question 49

What event marked a turning point in the Peasants' Revolt, leading to its suppression?

Answer 49

The death of Wat Tyler

Question 50

Who was the king when the Peasants' Revolt took place?

Answer 50

Richard II