History end of year 7 revision Flashcards
Who was the King of England who died in January 1066 without a direct heir?
Edward the Confessor
Why was Edgar the Atheling not chosen as king?
He was too young and inexperienced.
Name the four main contenders for the English throne in 1066.
Harold Godwinson, William of Normandy, Harald Hardrada, Edgar the Atheling.
Which contender claimed Edward the Confessor promised him the throne in 1051?
William of Normandy
Which contender was King of Norway and claimed descent from earlier English kings?
Harald Hardrada
What was the name of the council of nobles that chose the next king?
The Witan
Who did the Witan choose as king on January 6, 1066?
Harold Godwinson
What did Harold Godwinson’s coronation anger?
William of Normandy and Harald Hardrada
Who invaded England in September 1066 with 8,000 Viking warriors?
Harald Hardrada
Who marched north to confront Hardrada?
Harold Godwinson
Who was killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge?
Harald Hardrada and his brother
What type of castles did the Normans build to establish control?
Motte and Bailey castles
How did the Norman Conquest affect English society?
Led to lasting changes in governance, land, and culture
What led to the conflict between Thomas Becket and King Henry II?
Becket prioritized church authority over royal power.
What did King Henry II say to spark the death of Thomas Becket?
Who will rid me of this turbulent priest?
Where was Thomas Becket murdered?
Canterbury Cathedral
What happened to the knights who murdered Thomas Becket?
They fled, were excommunicated, and later ordered to serve in the Holy Land.
When was Thomas Becket declered as a saint?
1173
What challenges did King John face during his reign?
Financial difficulties, arguements with the villians, and military failures.
What was the Magna Carta?
contract that limited the king’s power and gave more power to the barons
What key principle did Clause 39 of the Magna Carta establish?
The right to have a fair trial by the jury.
What were the main causes of the Peasants’ Revolt?
The peasants were angry about low pay and the introduction of a poll tax
Who was Wat Tyler and what role did he play in the revolt?
He was a former well trained soldier and he was the leader of the peasants revolt
How did the Peasants’ Revolt end?
With the death of Wat Tyler and the eventual defeat of the revolt.
