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RADIOTHERAPY > HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF RADTHERAPY > Flashcards

HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF RADTHERAPY Flashcards

1
Q

Father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

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2
Q

Terms Hippocrates coined

A

carcinos and carcinoma

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3
Q

What word did carcinos and carcinoma came from?

A

Came from the Greek word karkinos meaning crab

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4
Q

mother of roentgen

A

Charlotte Constanze Frowein

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5
Q

Adopted child of roentgen

A

Josephine Bertha Ludwig

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6
Q

first xray fatality

A

Clarence dally

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7
Q

When was the discovery of xray

A

November 8, 1895

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8
Q

When did the first radiograph take place?

A

December 26, 1895

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9
Q

Who was the first radiograph?

A

Anna Bertha Ludwig

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10
Q

He irradiated rose lee due to a locally advanced left breast cancer

A

Emile H. Grubbe

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11
Q

When did Grubbe irradiate rose lee?

A

January 29, 1896

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12
Q

He is the world’s first radiation oncologist

A

Emile H. Grubbe

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13
Q

Discovered natural radioactivity from uranium salts

A

Antoine Henri Becquerel

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14
Q

Father of Radioactivity

A

Antoine Henri Becquerel

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15
Q

What year did becquerel discover radioactivity?

A

1896

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16
Q

1st physicist to use ionizing radiation for treatment

A

Leopold Freund

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17
Q

Irradiated hairy moles at a 5 year old

A

Leopold Freund

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18
Q

When did freund publish his 1st textbook on radiation therapy

A

November 24, 1896

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19
Q

Discovered radium and polonium

A

Marie & Pierre Curie

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20
Q

When did Marie & Pierre Curie discover radium and polonium

A

1898

21
Q

They postulated the laws of radiosensitivity

A

Jean Alban Bergonie & Louis Tribondeau

22
Q

What are the laws of radiosensitivity?

A
  • Stem cells are radiosensitive; mature cells are radio-resistant.
  • Younger tissues and organs are radiosensitive.
  • Tissues with high metabolic activity are radiosensitive.
  • High proliferation rate for cells and high tissue growth rate result in increased radiosensitivity.
23
Q

When did tribondeau and bergonie formulate the laws of radiosensitivity?

A

1906

24
Q

What did Wolf Wideroe do?

A

Constructed the first LINAC

25
Q

Who proposed the principles of LINAC and when was it proposed?

A

Gustav Irsing, 1926

26
Q

When did Wolf Wideroe contruct the Linac

A

1928

27
Q

What did Claudius Regaud & Henri Coutard do? and when did that happen?

A
  • Proposed that treatment may be better tolerated & more effective if it was delivered more slowly w/ modest doses per day over several weeks
  • 1930
28
Q

Who discovered the neutron and when was it discovered?

A

James Chadwick, 1932

29
Q

What did irene & frederick joliot curie discover?

A

first ever artificially radioactive atoms?

30
Q

When did Irene and Frederic Joliot Curie discovered artificial radioactivity?

A

1934

31
Q

What did Ernest Orlando Lawrence do?

A

invented cyclotron

32
Q

When did lawrence invent the cyclotron?

A

1939

33
Q

Aside from inventing the cyclotron, what was Lawrence known for?

A

He was known for his work on uranium-isotope separation

34
Q

Who developed the betatron?

A

Donald William Kerst

35
Q

When did Kerst develop the betatron?

A

1940

36
Q

it is a novel type of particle accelerator used to accelerate electrons

A

Betatron

37
Q

When did the 1st patient receive his therapy for cancer using the betatron?

A

March 29, 1949

38
Q

First hospital that had the first cobalt 60 instillation

A

Victoria Hospital, Ontario London

39
Q

When did the world’s 1st patient treated w/ cobalt-60 teletherapy

A

November 5, 1951

40
Q

He instilled the 1st medical LINAC in Stanford California

A

Henry S. Kaplan

41
Q

Who was the patient treated with Linac for retinoblastoma in 1957?

A

Gordon Isaacs

42
Q

He developed the Paris System for brachytherapy (when did the person develop it)

A

Bernard Pierquin, 1960

43
Q

Developed CT

A

Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield

44
Q

When did Hounsfield develop the CT

A

1972

45
Q

What was the first body part that was scanned in CT?

A

Human head

46
Q

Year where the first use of scanners & computer for IMRT happened?

A

1990

47
Q

what does IMRT stand for?

A

Intensity modulated Radiation Therapy

48
Q

It is a beam-limiting device that is made of individual “leaves” of a high atomic numbered material, usually tungsten, that can move independently in and out of the path of a radiotherapy beam in order to shape it and vary its intensity.

A

Multi-leaf collimator

RADIOTHERAPY (3 decks)

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