HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF RADTHERAPY Flashcards
Father of medicine
Hippocrates
Terms Hippocrates coined
carcinos and carcinoma
What word did carcinos and carcinoma came from?
Came from the Greek word karkinos meaning crab
mother of roentgen
Charlotte Constanze Frowein
Adopted child of roentgen
Josephine Bertha Ludwig
first xray fatality
Clarence dally
When was the discovery of xray
November 8, 1895
When did the first radiograph take place?
December 26, 1895
Who was the first radiograph?
Anna Bertha Ludwig
He irradiated rose lee due to a locally advanced left breast cancer
Emile H. Grubbe
When did Grubbe irradiate rose lee?
January 29, 1896
He is the world’s first radiation oncologist
Emile H. Grubbe
Discovered natural radioactivity from uranium salts
Antoine Henri Becquerel
Father of Radioactivity
Antoine Henri Becquerel
What year did becquerel discover radioactivity?
1896
1st physicist to use ionizing radiation for treatment
Leopold Freund
Irradiated hairy moles at a 5 year old
Leopold Freund
When did freund publish his 1st textbook on radiation therapy
November 24, 1896
Discovered radium and polonium
Marie & Pierre Curie
When did Marie & Pierre Curie discover radium and polonium
1898
They postulated the laws of radiosensitivity
Jean Alban Bergonie & Louis Tribondeau
What are the laws of radiosensitivity?
- Stem cells are radiosensitive; mature cells are radio-resistant.
- Younger tissues and organs are radiosensitive.
- Tissues with high metabolic activity are radiosensitive.
- High proliferation rate for cells and high tissue growth rate result in increased radiosensitivity.
When did tribondeau and bergonie formulate the laws of radiosensitivity?
1906
What did Wolf Wideroe do?
Constructed the first LINAC
Who proposed the principles of LINAC and when was it proposed?
Gustav Irsing, 1926
When did Wolf Wideroe contruct the Linac
1928
What did Claudius Regaud & Henri Coutard do? and when did that happen?
- Proposed that treatment may be better tolerated & more effective if it was delivered more slowly w/ modest doses per day over several weeks
- 1930
Who discovered the neutron and when was it discovered?
James Chadwick, 1932
What did irene & frederick joliot curie discover?
first ever artificially radioactive atoms?
When did Irene and Frederic Joliot Curie discovered artificial radioactivity?
1934
What did Ernest Orlando Lawrence do?
invented cyclotron
When did lawrence invent the cyclotron?
1939
Aside from inventing the cyclotron, what was Lawrence known for?
He was known for his work on uranium-isotope separation
Who developed the betatron?
Donald William Kerst
When did Kerst develop the betatron?
1940
it is a novel type of particle accelerator used to accelerate electrons
Betatron
When did the 1st patient receive his therapy for cancer using the betatron?
March 29, 1949
First hospital that had the first cobalt 60 instillation
Victoria Hospital, Ontario London
When did the world’s 1st patient treated w/ cobalt-60 teletherapy
November 5, 1951
He instilled the 1st medical LINAC in Stanford California
Henry S. Kaplan
Who was the patient treated with Linac for retinoblastoma in 1957?
Gordon Isaacs
He developed the Paris System for brachytherapy (when did the person develop it)
Bernard Pierquin, 1960
Developed CT
Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield
When did Hounsfield develop the CT
1972
What was the first body part that was scanned in CT?
Human head
Year where the first use of scanners & computer for IMRT happened?
1990
what does IMRT stand for?
Intensity modulated Radiation Therapy
It is a beam-limiting device that is made of individual “leaves” of a high atomic numbered material, usually tungsten, that can move independently in and out of the path of a radiotherapy beam in order to shape it and vary its intensity.
Multi-leaf collimator
