History & Approaches

Question 1

Functionalism

Answer 1

Mental processes, James, how everything worked in the brain and what it functioned for

Question 2

Behaviorism

Answer 2

Watson & Skinner. Psych should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Question 3

Levels of analysis

Answer 3

Biopsychosocial analysis

Question 4

Basic research

Answer 4

Aims to increase the scientific knowledge base

Question 5

Applied research

Answer 5

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Question 6

Empiricism

Answer 6

Knowledge originates in experience and science should rely on observation and experimentation

Question 7

Hindsight Bias

Answer 7

The tendency to believe after learning an out one that one would have foreseen it

Question 8

Placebo effect

Answer 8

Experimental results caused by expectations alone

Question 9

Descriptive stats

Answer 9

Summarizes numerical data (mean median mode)

Question 10

Inferential statistics

Answer 10

Used for decision making and generalizing from small samples

Question 11

Aristotle

Answer 11

First to write about sleep memory etc

Question 12

Calkins

Answer 12

First female apa president

Question 13

Descartes

Answer 13

Mind and body are separate, french

Question 14

Freud

Answer 14

Wrote about unconscious conflicts and sex

Question 15

Hall

Answer 15

First PhD in Psych from Harvard

Question 16

James

Answer 16

Functionalism

Question 17

Maslow

Answer 17

Founder of the third force

Question 18

Pavlov

Answer 18

Russian psych who studied physio and discovered basic learning processes

Question 19

Rogers

Answer 19

Founded humanistic psych

Question 20

Skinner

Answer 20

Study relationship bw behavior and environment

Question 21

Titchner

Answer 21

Structuralism

Question 22

Washburn

Answer 22

First woman to earn PhD in psych

Question 23

Watson

Answer 23

Cannot observe a thought, must observe behavior

Question 24

Wundt

Answer 24

First psych lab in 1879 testing difference between sound and when people recognized they heard that sound

Question 25

Structuralism

Answer 25

Introspection, Titchner. Inefficient